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Cooling tower daan di mian ke liye vishesh prakaar ke samagri ka upyog kiya jaata hai. Pakki cooling towers banane ke liye fiber glass jaise samagri ka upyog kiya jaata hai. Firo se ugaane waale cooling towers ke liye steel, fiber glass, redwood aur concrete jaise samagri ka upyog karya sthaan aur ghrani ke prikshep par nirbhar hota hai.
Har ek cooling tower material ke plus aur minus niche diye gaye hain:
Lakdi:
Redwood 70's aur 80's mein chhote kapasita ke cooling towers ke liye upyog me tha. Aajkal iske kam hone ke karan lakdi ab cooling towers mein upyog nahi ki jaati.
Jab lakdi ko samagri ke roop mein upyog kiya jaata hai toh yeh hain uska nuksaan:
Sthayitva: Lakdi operation ke dauran kam sambhalne wali manjil rakhati hai aur doosre samagri ke taal mel me kam zindagi rakhati hai.
Drift Losses: Yeh adhik hote hain, yaani 1% se adhik.
Signification: Lakdi khane ka problem zyada hota hai aur pH adjustment ki avashyakta hoti hai.
Area Requirement: Yeh adhik hota hai, isliye doosron ke taal mel me bada charan chinha hota hai.
Algae: Algae ke utpaadan ka samasya badi hoti hai.
Heavy structure: Lakdi ke structure doosre cooling tower materials se adhik bhariya hote hain, isliye civil cost badh jati hai.
Galvanized Steel:
Isse sabse zyada cooling towers banane ke liye upyog kiya jaata hai. G-235 hot-dipped-galvanized steel corrosion resistance ke mutaabiq thik hota hai aur achhe taur par structural strength rakhta hai.
Stainless Steel:
Cooling tower material mein aur vikas aur sudhaar kar stainless steel ka upyog kiya jaata hai, jo G-235 se behtar hota hai.
Stainless steel 304 cooling tower material highly corrosive environment mein istaal hone waale cooling towers ke liye upyog aur anumodit kiya jaata hai.
Concrete Towers:
Concrete cooling towers aam tor par bahut bade towers hote hain.
Concrete towers ke pradhaan lakshan hain:
Long Life: towers ki umar 38-40 saal se adhik hoti hai.
Erection Time: Yeh field erected towers hote hain aur unka nirman adhik samay lagaata hai.
Expensive towers: Yeh towers bahut mahange hote hain, jo unki lambi umar se prapt hota hai.
Fibre Reinforced Plastics (FRP) Towers:
FRP towers ka upyog tez raftar se badh raha hai aur adhik process plants apne purane wooden cooling towers ko FRP se badal rahe hain.
FRP cooling towers ke pradhaan lakshan hain:
Halka hain
Chemical water ke virudh achhe pratirodh rakhte hain, isliye wide pH range mein operation possible hota hai.
FRP towers fire resistant hote hain, isliye fire protection system ki avashyakta nahi hoti.
In towers ka erection time kam hota hai aur doosre cooling towers ke taal mel me inka cost advantage hota hai.
Cooling Tower Daan di Mian Components
Achhe se maintain kiye gye cooling towers ki umar 20 se 25 saal tak hoti hai. Cooling mein do prakar ke important components hote hain:
Replaceable Components like
Air moving component (draft fans)
Packing materials (Fills)
Hot water distribution system
Louvers
Drift eliminators
Non Replaceable Components/Permanent Structure like
Cold Water Basin
Cooling tower ke major components aur unke functions ki description niche di gayi hai:
Packing Materials Coling Tower
Cooling towers ke vital component hain, kyunki yeh Spalsh Fills aur Film fills ke madhyam se cooling tower ke cooling effective ko badhate hain.
Splash Fills:
Towers horizontal aur vertical staggered patterns rakhte hain taaki hot water cooling tower distribution deck se neeche girne par splash ho sake. Splash hot water ko fine water droplets mein divide karta hai aur air aur water ke beech ki surface area badhata hai.
Film Fills :
Yeh plastic corrugated sheets hain jo honeycombed appearance de dete hain. Film fill ke liye upyog kiye jane wale material PVC, Polypropylene hain.
Cooling Tower Hot Water Distribution System
Yeh hot circulating water ko cooling towers ke andar distribute karne ke liye hota hai. Isme distributing basin, headers, distributing arms, spray nozzles, flow regulating valves shamil hain.
Cooling Tower Cold Water Basin
Tower ke neeche cold water basin design kiya jaata hai cooled water ko collect karne aur use circulating water pumps ke suction supply karne ke liye.
Basin ki capacity circulating water flow rate ke 3 times honi chahiye gpm mein.
Cooling Tower Fan
Fans induced draft cooling towers mein upyog hoti hain. Commonly used blade material FRP, Aluminum aur hot-dipped-galvanized steel hain.
Louvers
Cross flow cooling tower mein louver ka function hain
Fills mein air flow ko equally distribute karna.
Yeh water ko tower ke andar rehne mein madad karti hain.
Counter flow cooling tower mein louvers ki zaroorat nahi hoti.
Drift Eliminators
Yeh hot air se entrained water droplet ko hatane ke liye kaam karta hai jo cooling towers se baahar nikalta hai. Yeh drift ko circulating water se kam kar deta hai 0.0005% se. Yeh PVC se bana hota hai.
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