Karamin Kirkiro na Rana

Akwai karamin gida da aka fi shahara na rarraba cikin solar cells, ana kiran ta solar electricity.

Solar Electricity

Idan rarraba ya shafi solar cells, solar electricity zai samu. Saboda haka, akwai wadannan kuma suna Photo Voltaic Solar ko PV Solar.

Principles of Solar Electricity

Karamin gida tare da solar energy yana iya faruwa ne tare da photo voltaic effect. A cikin photo voltaic effect, semiconductor p n junction zai samu electric potential idan ya shafi rarraba. Don haka, ake yi n type semiconductor layer na junction mai karfi. Yana da tsari kadan da ke 1 µm. Layer na fukar yana nuna n layer. Ana kiran ta emitter na cell.

Layer na kasa yana da p type semiconductor layer kuma yana da tsari mai yawa daga layer na fukar n. Yana iya da tsari masu 100 µm. Ana kiran ta base na cell. Depletion region zai faruwa a kan junction na biyu saboda immobile ions.

Idan rarraba ya shafi cell, zai jin kafin ya shiga p n junction. P n junction zai ci photons na rarraba, kuma baki daya zai samun electrons holes pairs a junction. Duk da haka, energy na photon zai sanya valence electrons na semiconductor atoms, kuma electrons zai jump to conduction band daga valence band ta taba hole a nan.

Electrons free, wadanda suka shiga depletion region, zai jin kafin suka ji karkashin layer na fukar n saboda force na positive ions a depletion region. Kafin haka, holes wadanda suka shiga depletion region, zai jin kafin suka ji karkashin layer na kasa p saboda force na negative ions a depletion region. Wannan abu zai faruwa charge difference bayan layers, kuma zai samu tiny potential difference bayan su.

Unit na combination na n type da p type semiconductor materials don samun electric potential difference a rarraba zai kiran solar cell. Silicon yana amfani a matsayin material na semiconductor don samun solar cell.

Conductive metal strips attached to the cells take the solar cell or photo voltaic cell is not capable of producing desired electricity instead it produces very tiny amount of electricity. Hence for extracting the desired level of electricity required numbers of such cells are connected together in both parallel and series to form a solar module or photo voltaic module. Actually, only sunlight is not the factor. The main factor is light or beam of photons to produce electricity in the solar cell. Hence a solar cell can also work in cloudy weather as well as in moonlight but then electricity production rate becomes law as it depends upon the intensity of incident light ray.

Application of Solar Electricity

Solar electric power generation system yana da muhimmanci don samun karamin gida mai kyau. Sistem yana yi aiki idan an yi da inta da rarraba mai kyau. Tsakiyar inda ake fito solar modules yana da shawarar kuɗi kamar kukaɗi da bangunan, saboda za su iya haɓaka solar panel, wanda yake taimaka waɗannan aiki. Annan sanin da ba a yi aiki da solar electricity ba, kuma ana amfani da ita inda ba a da alternative na gida ba. Amma wannan ba na iya ba. Ofta yana ƙanan da ake amfani da solar electricity ita ce mai kyau a tsakanin alternative na gida.

Misalai: – Yana da kyau a fito solar light ko solar power source inda yana da ƙarin da ma'ana da ƙarfin lokaci da inganci a ƙasarta electric supply authority, kamar a garden, shed ko garage inda ba a da standard electric supply point ba. Sistem na solar electricity yana da ƙarfin da ba a yi cut da ƙarfin electric supply company. Don kudin electric power source, solar module yana da muhimmanci. Yana iya amfani a camping, working on outdoor sites. Yana da ƙarfin da ya yi green energy don mutanen da ka, ko kuma don sale surplus energy. Amma don samun karamin gida a commercial scale, investment da volume na sistem zai zama mai yawa. Inda yana da aiki a high-power consuming electric pieces of equipment like high-speed fans, heaters, washing machines, air conditioners and power tools, ba zai da kyau a amfani da solar electricity saboda cost of production such high energy is quite higher that it is expected. Moreover, there may be the lack of space availability in your premises for installation of a large solar panel.
Ideal uses of low-cost solar panels are charging batteries in caravans and recreational vehicles or on boats when these are not in movement provided there should be trickle charging facility from dynamo during movement of these vehicles.

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