Klystron Tube: Me ke nan? (Jiki Da Ake Kula)

Klystron Tube ne da shi?

Klystron (ko kuma Klystron Tube ko kuma Klystron Amplifier) shine tube mai zuba wanda ake amfani da ita don kawo da ci gaba da kuma faɗinsa alamar microwave. An samun ta da electrical engineers na Amurka masu sunan Russell da Sigurd Varian.

Klystron ya yi amfani da energy kinetic na electron beam. Klystron low-power ana amfani da su daga baya zuwa oscillator, kuma klystron high-power ana amfani da su a matsayin output tubes a UHF.

Akwai kungiyoyi biyu na klystron low-powered. Daga baya zuwa microwave oscillator (Reflex Klystron) da kuma daga baya zuwa microwave amplifier (Two Cavity Klystron ko Multi Cavity Klystron).

Reflex Klystron Oscillator ne da shi?

A cikin tsafta wannan tambayar, muna bukata yadda ake kawo osilashen. Don kawo osilashen, muna bukata feedback positive daga output zuwa input. Da kungiyar cewa loop gain shine unity.

Don klystron, za a kawo osilashen idan wani batun na output ya bayar feedback zuwa cavity na input da kuma loop gain magnitude ya faru unity. Phase shift na feedback path shine cycle (2π) ko multiple cycles (multiple of 2π).

Abubuwan Reflex Klystron

Electron beam an jirgin ta daga cathode. Sannan akwai anode, wanda ake kira focusing anode ko accelerating anode. Anode na yana amfani don kudaden electron beam. Anode na yana kan polarity positive na DC voltage source.

Reflex klystron tana da cavity kawai, wanda yake a nan da anode. Wannan cavity yana yi aiki a matsayin buncher cavity don electrons da suke yara, da kuma catcher cavity don electrons da suke rufe.

Modulation velocity da current ya faru a cavity gap. Gap na yana da yarda ‘d’.

Repeller plate an kudaden da polarity negative na voltage source Vr.

Tsarin Aiki na Reflex Klystron

Reflex Klystron ya yi aiki da tsari na velocity da current modulation.

Electron beam an jirgin ta daga cathode. Electron beam ya haka zuwa accelerating anode. Electrons ya yau a nan da velocity uniform har zuwa cavity.

Velocity na electrons ya kudaden a cavity gap da kuma electrons sun yi iya zuwa repeller.

Repeller an kudaden da polarity negative na voltage source. Saboda haka, saboda polarity sama, ya kudaden force na electrons.

Kinetic energy na electrons ya kudaden a repeller space, da kuma a wani lokacin, ya zama zero. Ba tare, electron ya kudaden zuwa cavity. A return journey, duk electrons sun binciken a wani wurin.

Za a faru current modulation saboda bunch formation. Energy na electrons an faru a form na RF da kuma RF output ya faru daga cavity. Don efficiency mafi inganci na klystron, bunching na electrons ya kasance a center na cavity gap.

Yadda electrons ke yara a klystron tube?

Daga electron gun (cathode), electron beam an jirgin ta a nan. Wadannan electrons sun yi karfi zuwa anode da velocity uniform. Sannan electrons sun haka zuwa cavity gap. Velocity na electrons ya kudaden da voltage na cavity gap.

Idan voltage na cavity gap ya zama positive, electron zai amsa, kuma idan voltage na cavity gap ya zama negative, electron zai yawa. Idan voltage ya zama zero, velocity na electrons ba zan kadan ba.

Har zuwa electrons daga cavity gap, duk electrons sun da velocity daban-daban, da kuma wadannan electrons sun yi karfin a repeller space.

Wadannan electrons sun yi karfin da yarda velocity. Mafi velocity, electron zai yi karfin mafi yarda, kuma kadan velocity, electron zai yi karfin kadan yarda a repeller space.

Duk wadannan electrons sun zo wa cavity da kuma binciken a center na cavity gap. Energy na electrons wadanda an faru daga cavity ana kiran RF output.

Apple-gate Diagram

Apple-gate diagram shine graph bayan distance daga cavity gap da kuma lokacin da electron ya yi a repeller space.

Electrons daban-daban sun yi karfin daban-daban saboda velocity. Velocity na electrons ya kudaden da voltage na cavity gap.

Ba ni misalai da electrons uku. Reference electron (e0) ya kirkiro cavity gap a lokacin voltage na cavity gap ya zama zero. Saboda haka, velocity ba zan kadan ba. Ya yi karfin L0 a repeller space da kuma zo wa cavity. Saboda repeller plate ya zama negative, ya kudaden kinetic energy na electron.

Electron wanda ya kirkiro e0, wanda ake kira early electron (ee). Wannan electron ya kirkiro cavity gap a lokacin voltage na cavity gap ya zama positive. Saboda haka, velocity ya amsa. Ya yi karfin L