Kuchlik ko'rsatkichi hisoblagichlari | Elektrodinamik tip kuchlanish koeffitsienti hisoblagichi

Biz turli xil kuchay qoidalari orqali tanishishdan oldin, kuchay qoidalari haqida nimalarni bilishimiz kerakligini tushunish juda muhim. Nega AC shtrixda kuchay qoidalarni quyidagi tarzda hisoblashni ko'ra aniqroq usulda o'ldirib bo'lmaydi: quvvatni ampermetr va voltmetr orqali olingan amper va voltning ko'paytmasiga bo'lib. Bu usulning bir qator cheklanganliklari bor, bu usul juda yuqori aniqlikni ta'minlamaydi va xato paydo bo'lish ehtimoli juda yuqoridir. Shuning uchun bu usul sanoat maydonda ishlatilmaydi. Kuchay qoidalarni to'g'ri o'lchash har yerda muhimdir.
Quvvat uzuv va taqsimot tizimlarida har bir stantsiyada va elektr ziyoratlarida kuchay qoidalarni o'lchamiz. Kuchay qoidalarning o'lchanishi bizga foydalanayotgan yuk turlarini bilishimizga yordam beradi va quvvat uzuv tizimida va taqsimotda paydo bo'lgan yo'qolishlarni hisoblashga yordam beradi.

Shuning uchun biz kuchay qoidalarni aniq va to'g'ri hisoblash uchun alohida qurilma talab qilamiz.
Kuchay qoidalari shemasi ikkita spiral (bosim spirali va amper spirali) dan iborat. Bosim spirali shtrixning uchlariga ulaniladi, amper spirali esa shtrix amperini yoki uning belgilangan qismini o'tkazadi. Voldan amperga qadar fazadan farq o'lchanishi orqali elektr kuchay qoidalari moslashtirilgan skala orqali hisoblanadi. Oddiy bosim spirali induktiv va non-induktiv (yoki saf omlik) qismlarga ajratiladi. Tenglamalashda ikki qarama-qarshi kuch mavjud bo'lib, tortishni tenglamalash uchun hech qanday boshqaruv sistemasiga ehtiyoj yo'q.

Endi kuchay qoidalari turli turlari mavjud:

1. Elektrodinamometrli

2. Harakatlanuvchi temirli..

Avval elektrodinamometrli turini o'rganaylik.

Elektrodinamometrli kuchay qoidalari

Elektrodinamometrli kuchay qoidalari shtrit voltiga qarab ikkita turka bo'linadi:

1. Bir fazali

2. Uch fazali.

Bir fazali elektrodinamometrli kuchay qidalari umumiy shemasi quyidagicha berilgan:

Bosim spirali saf omlik va saf induktiv qismlarga ajratilgan. Hozirda referens plane 1-spiraga A burchak qilib joylashgan. 1 va 2 spiralar orasidagi burchak 90o. Demak, 2-spira referens planiga (90o + A) burchak qilib joylashgan. Skala to'g'ri kalibrirovka qilingan va A burchakning kosinus qiymatlarini ko'rsatadi. 1-spiraga ulangan elektr omlikni R deb, 2-spiraga ulangan induktor ni L deb belgilaymiz. Kuchay qidalarni o'lchashda R va L qiymatlari R = wL ga tenglashtiriladi, shunda ikkala spira ham barobar intensitetli tok o'tkazadi. Demak, 2-spiradagi tok 1-spiradagi tokka nisbatan 90o gacha ortib ketadi, chunki 2-spira juda induktiv tarkibga ega.
Endi bu kuchay qidalari uchun tortish momentining ifodasini hosil qilaylik. Ikkita tortish momenti mavjud, biri 1-spirada, ikkinchi 1-spirada. Spiralardagi tortish momentlari bir-biriga qarama-qarshi bo'lib, tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tortish tort......

Elektrodinamometrli kuchay qidalari afzalliklari

1. Temir qismlar minimal ishlatilishidan va tez-tez o'zgaradigan chastotalarda kamroq xato berishidan olib tortish yo'qotiladi.

2. Ular juda yuqori torqu vazn nisbatiga ega.

Elektrodinamometrli kuchay qidalari kamchiliklari

1. Harakatlanuvchi temirli qurilmalardan solishtirsak, ishlov beradigan kuchlar kamroq.

2. Skala 360o gacha emas.

3. Elektrodinamometrli qurilmalar skala kalibrirovkalari ta'minot voltining chastotasini o'zgartirishdan juda ko'p ta'sir qoladi.

4. Boshqa qurilmalarga solishtirsak, ular juda qimmat.

Eslatma: Asl ma'lumotni hursandlik bilan ulashing, agar huquqni buzilsa, iltimos, o'chirish uchun bog'laning.