چۆن دەتوانین چەندیاری ئیلکتریکی زەختەری ترانسفۆردا بزێنین؟
Kîşeyên Dielektrîk a Rewşê Rewşê Ziyade Bike
Zêdetkirina kîşeyên dielektrîk a rewşê rewşê pêwist e ji bo ên dibejîn û bexwekirina rast raftinên transformere. Kîşe dielektrîk ya rewşê rewşê vebijêrk e ku materiala izolekerd dikare were berdayîn pir dibêje xalas bike. Kîşe dielektrîk a rewşê rewşê li gor çend factorên din derbas dike, an jî kaliteya rewşê, nûvekaniyên werger, da, dema, û din. Ji hêla navbera metoda efektîv a zêdekirina kîşeyên dielektrîk a rewşê rewşê:
1. Da Birkarî Veke
Serbestiya: Da yek ji herêmên sereke ye ku kîşeya dielektrîk a rewşê rewşê were kevîne. Herfên da dikarin li ser şeylekê elektrîkî rêzên xuyanibîn bikin, ku ji vê yekê xalas da were kevîne.
Metodan:
Berkarî yên Vakuum: Bikarberîna têkilişên vakuum bi karîna were evapora da li rewşê. Pîvanên berkarîna vakuum dikarin efektîv da li ser demên berdan veke wergerînin, ku ji vê yekê piştgiriya nasnameyanên kimîkî rewşê were nekin.
Berkarî yên Serbester: Bikarberîna serbester (wese gel silika an alûmina aktîf) bi karîna were serbester da li rewşê. Ev serbesteran dikarin bi karîna were destnînîn di sisteman da cihewiya rewşê de bi karîna were serbester da li ser roja.
2. Nûvekan û Partikulan Were Veke
Serbestiya: Cihazên nûvek (wese parçeyên metal, lif, an daqiq) di rewşê de dikarin kîşeya dielektrîk a rewşê were kevîne, çunki wan dikarin were pîvanên koncentrasyonê elektrîkî bin, ku ji vê yekê procesa xalas were zêde kirin.
Metodan:
Parçeyên Cihaz: Bikarberîna elementên filtera efektîv bi karîna were nûvekan serbester li rewşê. Mezinahiya porên elementên filtera divê li ser mezinahiya partikulan hilbijer bi, lêkê ji 5 derce 10 mikron.
Separasyona Sentrifûjan: Bikarberîna sentrifûjan bi karîna were serbester nûvekan û sediman di rewşê de, ku ji bo serbester parçeyên mezin pêk hatine.
3. Gazan Were Veke
Serbestiya: Gazan (wese hawar, oksîjen, an azot) di rewşê de dikarin li ser şeylekê elektrîkî beenên form bikin. Beenan dikarin li ser şeylekê elektrîkî çendbaranên lokal bikin, ku ji vê yekê xalas were kevîne.
Metodan:
Degassing a Vakuum: Bikarberîna tedaviya vakuum bi karîna were gazan serbester li rewşê. Pîvanên degassing a vakuum dikarin bi karîna were serbester gazan li rewşê, ku ji vê yekê kîşeya dielektrîk a rewşê were zêde kirin.
Treatmen a Tîra: Berkarîna rewşê dikarin were çendbaranên gazan zêde kirin, lê belkî ye wê ku dema kontrol bikin da ku rewşê were nekin û decompose bikin.
4. Cleanliness a Rewşê Dabeşîne
Serbestiya: Nûvekan (wese ionên metal, materialên asidî, an encemên oxîda) di rewşê de dikarin kîşeya dielektrîk a rewşê were kevîne û procesa zîndan were zêde kirin.
Metodan:
Nimûneyên Dîsa û Testandina: Nimûneyên dîsa û analîz a rewşê bikin da ku mirin property fîzikî û kimîkî a rewşê. Testanên komûn dikarin ku mînzan da, value a asid, û kîşeya dielektrîk.
Regeneration a Rewşê: Ji bo rewşên zîndan, teknîkên regeneration a rewşê bikarberîna da ku performansa wê were restore. Regeneration a rewşê include physical purification (wese filtration, dehydration, û degassing) û chemical purification (wese adsorption û chemical treatment) da ku harmful substances serbester bikin.
5. Dema Control Bike
Serbestiya: Dema mezin dikarin viscosity a rewşê were kevîne, diffusion û aggregation a nûvekan were zêde kirin, û aging û decomposition a rewşê were zêde kirin, ku ji vê yekê kîşeya dielektrîk a rewşê were kevîne.
Metodan:
Sistemên Cooling: Install effective cooling systems to maintain the transformer oil within a reasonable temperature range. Common cooling methods include air-cooling, water-cooling, and forced oil circulation cooling.
Avoid Overheating: Prevent overloading of the transformer to avoid excessive oil temperatures. High oil temperatures not only reduce dielectric strength but also shorten the oil's lifespan.
6. Use High-Quality Transformer Oil
Principle: Different types of transformer oils have varying dielectric strengths and resistance to aging. Selecting high-quality transformer oil can significantly improve its dielectric strength and extend its service life.
Methods:
Choose Suitable Oil Type: Based on the specific application and operating environment of the transformer, select the appropriate type of transformer oil. For example, mineral oil, synthetic ester oil, and silicone oil each have their own advantages and are suitable for different applications.
Add Antioxidants: Some transformer oils contain antioxidants that can slow down the aging process, helping to maintain their dielectric strength.
7. Prevent Oil Aging
Principle: Over time, transformer oil undergoes oxidation, decomposition, and other aging processes, which can reduce its dielectric strength. Aging products such as acidic substances and sludge further degrade the oil's insulating properties.
Methods:
Antioxidant Measures: Implement antioxidant measures to slow down the aging of the oil. This can include controlling oil temperature, minimizing contact with air, and avoiding exposure to ultraviolet light.
Regular Oil Replacement: For severely aged oil, replace it with new oil to ensure the transformer operates correctly.
8. Use Oil Purification Equipment
Principle: Oil purification equipment can continuously or periodically clean the transformer oil, removing moisture, gases, impurities, and aging products to maintain its optimal condition.
Methods:
Online Purification: Install online oil purification systems to monitor and treat contaminants in real-time, ensuring the oil's dielectric strength remains at its best.
Offline Purification: Periodically remove the transformer oil for offline purification treatment before re-injecting it into the transformer.
9. Prevent Oil Contamination
Principle: External contaminants (such as dust, moisture, and chemicals) entering the transformer oil can significantly reduce its dielectric strength. Therefore, preventing oil contamination is essential.
Methods:
Sealed System: Ensure that the transformer's oil tank and piping systems are well-sealed to prevent external contaminants from entering the oil.
Breathers: Install breathers (such as desiccant breathers) to prevent moist air from entering the oil tank. The desiccant (such as silica gel) in the breather absorbs moisture, keeping the oil dry.
10. Optimize Transformer Design
Principle: The design of the transformer can also affect the dielectric strength of the oil. A well-designed structure can reduce electric field concentration points and minimize the risk of partial discharges.
Methods:
Optimize Winding and Core Design: Improve the layout of windings and the core to reduce uneven electric field distribution and avoid excessive electric field concentration.
Increase Insulation Distance: Appropriately increase the insulation distance between windings to reduce electric field intensity and improve the oil's dielectric strength.
Summary
Improving the dielectric strength of transformer oil requires a comprehensive approach, considering factors such as removing moisture, impurities, and gases, maintaining oil cleanliness, controlling temperature, using high-quality oil, preventing oil aging and contamination, and optimizing transformer design. By implementing appropriate maintenance measures and technical solutions, the service life of transformer oil can be extended, and the safe and reliable operation of transformers can be ensured. Regular monitoring of oil quality and timely corrective actions are key to maintaining the optimal dielectric performance of transformer oil.
