Elektriske og elektroniske symboler
En elektrisk symbol er et lite bilde som brukes for å representere en elektrisk eller elektronisk enhet eller funksjon. De er også kjent som kretssymboler eller skjematiksymboler da de brukes i elektriske skjematikker og diagrammer.
Noen grunnleggende elektriske symboler inkluderer:
Ledninger
Dioder
Batterier
Transformer
Kondensatorer
Motstander
Spoler
Sikringer
Skruer
Bipolare krysskontakter
Elektromagnetiske relæer
Det finnes mange elektriske og kretssymboler som brukes internasjonalt verden over. Mens de er mest standardisert (dvs. samme elektroniske symboler brukes i forskjellige land), vil du fremdeles finne noen internasjonale forskjeller.
Nedenfor er en tabell over de mest brukte elektriske symbolene i
Name of Electrical/Electronic Symbol |
Component |
Circuit Symbol |
Sources |
Battery Cell |
 |
Battery |
 |
|
DC Power Supply |
 |
|
Variable DC Power Supply |
 |
|
AC Power Supply |
 |
|
Resistors |
|
|
Variable Resistor |
 |
|
Potentiometer, Voltage Divider |
 |
|
Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) |
 |
|
Filament Bulb |
 |
|
Thermistor |
 |
|
Fuse |
 |
|
Capacitors |
|
|
Variable Capacitor |
 |
|
Polarised Capacitor, Electrolytic Capacitor |
 |
|
Transformers |
I |
|
Iron-cored Transformer (two Secondary Windings) |
 |
|
Diodes |
Junction Diode |
 |
Zener Diode |
 |
|
Photo Diode |
 |
|
Light Emitting Diode (LED) |
 |
|
Diode Bridge |
 |
|
Transistors |
npn transistor |
 |
pnp Transistor |
 |
|
n-Type Junction Field Effect Transistor (NJFET) |
 |
|
p-Type Junction Field Effect Transistor (PJFET) |
 |
|
Integrated Circuits |
Integrated Circuit (IC) |
 |
Meters |
Ammeter |
 |
Voltmeter |
 |
|
Galvanometer |
 |
|
Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO) |
 |
|
Amplifiers |
Voltage Amplifier |
 |
Operational Amplifier (Op-Amp) |
 |
|
Transducers |
Motor |
 |
Microphone |
 |
|
Loudspeaker |
 |
Skjematikksymboler
Nedenfor er en tabell over de mest brukte elektriske symbolene i skjematikker for å representere ulike elektroniske enheter og funksjoner.
Name of Electrical/Electronic Symbol |
Schematic Symbol |
Concealed Wiring |
 |
Conduit Wiring |
 |
Direct Concealed Wiring |
 |
Multiple Conductor Line |
 |
Tanking Wiring |
 |
Cable Termination |
 |
Branching Box |
 |
Electrical Appliance |
 |
Telecom Indication Socket Outlet |
 |
Arial Socket Outlet of TV and Radio |
 |
Florescent Lamp |
 |
Electric Bell |
 |
Electric Door Opener |
 |
Buzzer |
 |
Current Impulse Switch |
 |
Electric Line Permanent Point |
 |
One Way Single Pole Switch |
 |
One Way Two Pole Switch |
 |
Two Way Single Pole Switch |
 |
Intermediate Switch |
 |
Push Button Switch |
 |
Single Lamp |
 |
Dreamer Switch |
 |
Single Socket Outlet |
 |
Double Socket Outlet |
 |
Arial |
 |
Surface Wiring |
 |
Electric Motor |
 |
Electric Heater |
 |
Electric Water Heater |
 |
Electric Cooking Range |
 |
Refrigerator |
 |
Electrical Wiring Connection Symbol/Mark |
 |
Terminal Strip |
 |
Branching Box |
 |
Earthing |
 |
Electric Fuse |
 |
Electric Lamp |
 |
Socket Outlet |
 |
Electric Motor, Single Phase |
 |
Electric Motor, Three Phase |
 |
Electric Cell |
 |
Thermal & Electro magnetic trippers switch three Pole |
 |
Electric Measuring Instrument |
 |
Volt Meter |
 |
Electromagnetic Tripper Switch Single Pole |
 |
Magnetic Conductor with three Main Conduction |
 |
Washing Machine |
 |
Dish Washing Machine |
 |
Electric Meter |
 |
House Connection Box |
 |
Push Button Switch |
 |
Florescent Lamp’s Choke Coil |
 |
Starter of Florescent Lamp |
 |
Resistor |
 |
Inductance |
 |
Capacitor |
 |
Stair Case Time Switch |
 |
Rectifier |
 |
Transformer |
 |
Thermal Tripper Switch, Single Pole |
 |
Thermal Tripper Switch Three Pole |
 |
Main Switch |
 |
Electric Door Opener |
 |
Ear Phone |
 |
Power Pack |
 |
Circuit Breaker (MCCB) |
 |
Limit Switch |
 |
Electromagnet Conductor |
 |
Electromagnet Relay |
 |
Time Lag Relay |
 |
Generator DC |
 |
Generator AC |
 |
Motor AC & DC |
 |
Ampere Meter |
 |
Manual Multiple Switch single pole.Four way shown in single way. |
 |
Microphone |
 |
Loudspeaker |
 |
Electro Magnetic |
 |
Phase Line |
 |
Proper connection Line |
 |
Neutral Line |
 |
Earth Line |
 |
Signal Line |
 |
Distribution Box/Panel Board |
 |
Thermal Relay |
 |
Ceiling Rose |
 |
Magnetic Conductor Tripper Three Main Contact |
 |
Change Over Switch |
 |
Wire Overlay Crossing |
 |
Plug and Socket |
 |
Two-pin Plug socket(with & without switch) |
 |
Three-pin Plug socket(with & without switch) |
 |
Ceiling Lamp Outlet |
 |
Wall Lamp Outlet |
 |
Ceiling Fan |
 |
Bracket Fan |
 |
Exhaust Fan |
 |
Fan Regulator |
 |
Indicator Switch |
 |
Electromagnet Relay |
 |
Lamp (with Bracket) |
 |
AC Current |
 |
Direct and Alternating Current |
 |
Movable Iron Type Machine |
 |
Main Fuse Board (without Switch) |
 |
Main Fuse Board (with Switch) |
 |
Switchless Distribution Fuse Board |
 |
Distribution Fuse Board(with switch) |
 |
Air Circuit Breaker |
 |
Oil Circuit Breaker |
 |
Relay |
 |
Lighting Arrester |
 |
Starter (Motor) |
 |
Star Delta Starter |
 |
Emersion Heater |
 |
Hanging Lamp |
 |
Water Type Lamp |
 |
DC Current |
 |
Movable Permanent Magnetic Type Machine |
 |
Battery |
 |
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