Matsayin da na iya gudana a kan al'adun kimiyya, waɗannan ita ce: Zan kaɗe da wani bayani game da matsayin da na iya gudana a kan al'adun kimiyya, amma ba a bayar da wannan bayanin, ana bukaci in ba ni da ƙarin bayani game da "Electromagnetic Interference" a cikin Hausa. Idan akwai wani takaitaccen bayani ko rubutu mai sunan da za a iya taimakawa, zan iya yin ƙoƙari. Amma, domin ya ƙara shawarwari, ina buƙata in ka nemi ƙarin bayani daga ingantattun da ka bi.

Muhimmiyar Rabbinta Ingantaccen?

Takaitar Muhimmiyar Rabbinta Ingantaccen

Amsa: Muhimmiyar rabbinta ingantaccen (EMI) yana nufin rabbinta wanda ya shafi kabilu na gajeriyar elektrik saboda inganci ko rabbinta.

Amsa: Muhimmiyar rabbinta ingantaccen (EMI) yana nufin rabbinta wanda ya shafi kabilu na gajeriyar elektrik saboda inganci ko rabbinta da aka baka. Yana faru idan sauran rabbinta ingantaccen suka shafi kabilu na wata zama'a.

Inganta (EM) yana faru a lokacin da sauran cikin kabilu ya shiga sauran cikin kabilu. Suke yi haguwa a fili 3.0 × 10^8 m/s a tsakiyar sama. Inganta suke iya zuwa kan air, mai, abincin, ko kuma tsakiyar sama.

Rabobin da ake biyan a kan ta tafi mai girma na EMI yana nuna abubuwan EMI daga cikin kadan (ko tushen). Dukkan mutanen da suka samu rayuwa a ranar, an za su samun muhimmiyar rabbinta ingantaccen (EMI) saboda hasken al'adun zamani da ke faru a nan da ke faru da kabilu masu lafiya da ma'adi, tare da telefonai, GPS, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, da kuma near-field communication (NFC).

EMI yana iya faru a cikin yankin da yake da damu a cikin rabobin ingantaccen, tare da fili da microwave. Yana shafi kabilu masu lafiya. Kabilu daban-daban da take da fariroccin jiragen kabilu suka faru ingantaccen.

Saboda haka, rabbinta daga wata zama'a “yana shafi” rabbinta daga wata zama'a. Idan wata EMI yana shafi wata, yana haifar da Rabbinta Ingantaccen. Ingantaccen yana iya shafi da haifar da sauran ingantaccen ba tare da yake da kadan. Wannan rabbinta yana iya samun a cikin radio idan an sanya kadan, da kuma a cikin TV idan an haifar da bayanan. Saboda haka, a cikin rabobin fili, EMI yana da sunan Rabbinta Fili.

EMI yana iya shafi rayuwarsa na kabilu masu lafiya. A gaba daya, saboda akwai fariroccin kabilu a cikin kabilu masu lafiya, yana iya faru wata batu da ingantaccen. Ingantaccen da aka faru daga kabilu 1 yana iya faru kan sama ko kuma kan kabilu 2. Wannan yana haifar da rayuwarsa na kabilu 2. Ingantaccen da aka faru daga kabilu 1 wanda yake shafi rayuwarsa na kabilu 2 yana da sunan Muhimmiyar Rabbinta Ingantaccen.

Sababin EMI

EMI yana iya faru daga abubuwan da suka faru a cikin yankin, tare da barazan da kuma abubuwan da mutane suka faru da kabilu masu gajeri.

• Rabbinta daga TV

• Radio AM, FM, da Satellite

• Gara-garama ingantaccen na sama

• Barazan da ya faru a fili da kuma tashar farirocco

• Radar na airport, Electrostatic Discharge, da White Noise

• Power supplies na mode na switching

• Arc welders, Motor Bushes, da Electrical Contacts

Abubuwan EMI

EMI na mutane

EMI na mutane yana faru daga kabilu masu lafiya da mutane suka faru. Wannan abubuwan rabbinta yana faru idan wata shenku na ingantaccen suka faru a kabilu na wata zama'a. Misalai, idan radio a cikin mota yana samun wata shenku na radiu biyu a kan wata lokaci.

EMI na alam

Wannan abubuwan EMI yana iya shafi kabilu, amma babu mutum wanda yake faru, inkar da wannan EMI yana faru saboda abubuwan da suka faru a cikin yankin da sama tare da Barazan kamar Barazan, Electric Storms, cosmic noise, etc.

Na biyu na classification shine karkashin lokacin EMI. Lokacin rabbinta yana nufin lokacin da kabilu yana samun rabbinta.

EMI na lokacin da ya ci

Idan wata zama'a yana faru EMI na lokacin da ya ci, ana kiran shi ne EMI na lokacin da ya ci. Wata zama'a yana iya faru daga mutane ko alam. EMI yana faru saboda yana da wasu sabbin birnin da ke faru a kan source da receiver. Wannan abubuwan EMI yana faru daga kabilu da take faru shenku na lokacin da ya ci.

EMI na lokacin da ya ci biyu

Wannan abubuwan EMI yana faru a lokacin da ya ci biyu kamar pulses. Saboda haka, ana kiran shi ne EMI na lokacin da ya ci biyu. Wata zama'a yana iya faru daga mutane ko alam kamar EMI na lokacin da ya ci. Misalai, noise da aka samu daga switches, lighting, etc, wadanda suka faru shenku wanda suka shafi farirocco da kabilu.

Na uku na classification shine karkashin bandi na EMI. Bandi na EMI yana nufin filin da EMI yana samun. Da haka, EMI yana da abubuwan na Narrowband da Broadband.

EMI na Narrowband

Wannan abubuwan EMI yana faru a kadan fili da aka faru daga oscillator. Yana iya faru saboda wasu abubuwan da suka faru a cikin transmitter. A cikin system na communication, EMI na Narrowband yana da rawa aiki da ita zai iya kawo karfin da ita zai iya kawo karfin. Amma, limit na rabbinta yana da kyau.

EMI na Broadband

Farkon da ke faru a cikin EMI na Narrowband shine wannan abubuwan EMI bai faru a kadan fili. Idan a tuntu maka, wannan abubuwan EMI yana faru a cikin yankin da ke da damu da yake da cikakken abubuwan. Wata zama'a yana iya faru daga mutane ko alam. Misalai, arc welding, wadanda spark yana faru lokacin da ya ci. Kamar haka, misalai na alam shine Sun-outs for a satellite TV system.

Mechanisms na Coupling na EMI

Mechanisms na coupling na EMI yana taimaka wa maca cewa EMI yana faru daga source da yake haifar da receiver. Don in kawo karfin da suka faru saboda EMI, nature na EMI, da kuma yadda ita yake haifar da source da receiver yana da kyau. Wasu abubuwan na coupling shine Conduction, Radiation, Capacitive, da Inductive coupling. Da haka, in kawo karfin da suka faru saboda EMI, yana da kyau a taimaka wa maca cewa mechanisms na coupling suka haifar da level na interference.

Conduction Coupling

Conduction coupling yana faru idan emissions na EMI yana faru kan conductors, wires, da cables da ke haifar da source da receiver. Idan akwai conduction a kan route da shenku yana faru, conducted emissions yana faru, da wannan yana nufin conducted EMI. Yana iya faru kan power lines ko kabilu da ke haifar da wata zama'a. Conduction yana iya faru a kan wata kamar:

Common Mode

EMI yana faru idan noise yana faru a kan phase da ke faru a kan conductors biyu. Misali, +ve da -ve na cable na power

Differential Mode

Idan conductors biyu suka faru, idan noise bai faru a kan conductors biyu, ana kiran shi ne differential mode.

Radiation Coupling

Wannan abubuwan coupling yana faru idan distance da ke faru a kan source da receiver yana da damu da wavelength. Ba ake haifar da source da receiver saboda EMI yana faru kan space da receiver. Saboda haka, idan signal na unwanted yana faru daga source da receiver a kan technique na radiation, ana kiran shi ne Radiated EMI.

Capacitive Coupling

Wannan abubuwan coupling yana faru a kan devices biyu. Yana faru idan voltage da take faru daga source, capacitive transfers charge to the victim.

Inductive Coupling

Idan conductor yana faru interferences a kan conductor na biyu da ke faru a kan wata lokacin, ita yana faru EMI known as Magnetic coupled EMI. A cikin kalmar, idan magnetic field da take faru a kan source da victim, current yana faru a kan circuitry na victim. Wannan yana haifar da signal transfer from the source to the victim.

Mechanisms na Coupling na EMI

EMI yana faru daga source da receiver a kan conduction, radiation, capacitive, da inductive coupling.

Kawo Karfin da suka Faru saboda EMI

Earth ground

A cikin industries, signals da return currents suka faru a kan ground systems. Suke haifar da references for analog and digital circuits, don haka suke bincike mutanen da kabilu daga fault da lightning. Idan current yana faru a kan grounding system, ita yana faru potential differences.

Idan lightning yana faru, ita yana faru potential difference a kan units of thousand volts. Daga baya na design na circuit, ground system yana da kyau a taimaka wa maca cewa system yana faru a kan required safety requirements. Idan a sketch a ground ko troubleshooting a ground problem, ita yana da kyau a taimaka wa maca cewa where the current is passing.

Idan wasu abubuwan grounds suka faru, current bai faru a kan assumed path. Proper grounding yana da kyau a taimaka wa maca cewa frequencies and impedances, length of cabling required, da kuma safety issues.

The most beneficial type of ground for low-frequency applications is the single-point ground as shown in the figure below. When sensitive circuitry or cabling is used the series connection or daisy chain, should be avoided because return currents from the three circuits flow through the common ground impedances linking the circuits.

From the figure, it is seen that the ground potential of circuit 1 is not only defined by its return current through impedance Z1 but also by the return currents from circuits 2 and 3 throughout the same impedance. This influence is called