Wani Distortion?
Distortion tana da nufin?
Takaitaccen distortion
Distortion yana nufin gurbin sinyalin a lokacin farkon, tsara ko koyar da suka zama na iya ba da sinyali mai zurfi.
Kategorizaciya ta distortion
Distortion lineari
Amplitude distortion: Mafi girman sinyalin da ke amfani da ita ce ya zama. Misali, a cikin systems audio, mafi girman sinyalin da ke amfani da ita ce ya zama, wanda zai iya haɗa da sana'ar sautin da ya zama lafiya.
Phase distortion: Matakiyars phase da ke amfani da ita ce ya zama. Wannan zai iya haɗa da matsayinta sinyalin a lokacin tsarin lokaci, misali, hanyar tsarin impulse response.
Distortion nonlinear
Harmonic distortion: Idan sinyali ya shiga system nonlinear, za a yi harmonic component da take da sunan adadin integer da ke amfani da frequency da ke amfani da ita. Misali, a cikin amplifier, idan sinyali mai sarrafa shine sine wave, za a yi second harmonics, third harmonics, kuma wasu. Harmonic distortion zai iya haɗa da sana'ar sautin da ya zama harsh ko noisy.
Intermodulation distortion : Idan wasu sinyalin da ke amfani da frequencies masu daban-daban suka shiga system nonlinear a lokacin, za a yi frequency components masu, kuma wannan frequency components masu suna da linear combinations da ke amfani da frequencies da ke amfani da sinyalin. Intermodulation distortion zai iya haɗa da interference da sinyalin da kuma increase of bit error rate a cikin communication systems
Sababban distortion
Non-linearity of circuit components: kamar transistors, diodes da wasu components masu fi siffar alamomin da suka shiga a lokacin da suke amfani da sinyalin masu.
Amplifier saturation: Idan sinyali mai sarrafa ya zama, amplifier ya zama a region da ke amfani da ita, wanda zai iya haɗa da distortion da sinyalin mai sarrafa.
Frequency response of the filter: Matsayinta frequency response da ke amfani da filter suka zama, wanda zai iya haɗa da changes a cikin amplitude da phase da ke amfani da sinyalin.
Nonlinear effects in the signal path: kamar nonlinear effects da ke amfani da cables, poor contact of connectors, kuma wasu.
Influence
Effects on audio and video signals
A cikin systems audio, distortion zai iya haɗa da sana'ar sautin, wanda zai iya haɗa da problems kamar noise, distorted sound, ko erratic volume changes. A cikin system video, distortion zai iya haɗa da image blur, color distortion, picture jitter, kuma wasu problems.
Impact on the communication system
A cikin communication system, distortion zai iya haɗa da quality da sinyalin, increase the bit error rate, kuma haɗa da reliability da ke amfani da communication. Distortion mai zurfi zai iya haɗa da sinyali ba zan iya samun ko decode daidai.
Impact on measurement and control systems
A cikin measurement and control systems, distortion zai iya haɗa da accuracy da results da ke amfani da measurement da kuma stability da ke amfani da control systems. Misali, distortion da ke amfani da sensor output signal zai iya haɗa da increase da measurement errors, kuma distortion da ke amfani da feedback signal da control system zai iya haɗa da system da yake iya zama unstable ko misoperate.
A way to reduce distortion
Select the right component
Circuit design optimization
Negative feedback
filtering
Digital signal processing
Sum up
Distortion shine problem mai zurfi a cikin signal processing da kuma transmission. Yana da muhimmanci a fahimtar kategorizaciya, sababban da kuma effects da ke amfani da distortion da kuma yanayin methods effective don reduce distortion don improve quality da sinyalin da kuma performance da system.
