A kula neman farko yana da wani wurin da ke iya ba da neman na takardun da zai iya samar da duk mutanen da suka fito. Wadannan mutanen da suka fito a cikin takarda neman suna da muhimmanci da yake da neman. Yana da wata batuwa na neman da ya yi da ita don haka. Wannan batuwar tana sa a yi da kula neman farko.
Kula neman farko – kamar sunan – yana neman neman, ba tare da wahala da ke faruwa a kan neman da aka bayar ko kuma abin da aka tsara. Yana da muhimmanci ga jirgin da suke dogara. Yana iya neman neman AC ko DC, idan an yi aiki a kan design.
Akwai biyu ne daga cikin tsarin kula neman farko:
Kula Neman Lineal
Kula Neman Switching
Wadannan za a iya koyar da tsari masu neman neman, kamar yadda ake cikakken da shi a nan.
Wani wannan tsarin kula neman yana da aiki kamar voltage divider. Yana amfani da FET a fili Ohmic. A yi aiki ta hanyar gudanar resistance na kula neman baki daya da load. Duk da haka, wadannan tsarin kula neman suna da biyu:
Kula neman series
Kula neman shunt
Yana amfani da wani abu mai yawa da ke aiki a kan load. A yi aiki ta hanyar gudanar resistance na wannan abu baki daya da load. Suna da biyu tsarin da za a bayyana a nan.
Daga diagram, muna iya samun da input da ba a yi aiki ba ta fi sani a kan controller. Controller yana da aiki da ke kontrola magnitude na input voltage da ke bayar output. Output na yana bayar feedback circuit. An yanke a kan sampling circuit da kuma an bayar comparator. An yanke a kan reference voltage da kuma an bayar output.
Comparator circuit yana iya bayar control signal zuwa controller lokacin da yake faruwa ko kama output voltage. Saboda haka, controller yana iya kama ko karshen neman zuwa batuwar da zai iya samar da duk mutanen da suka fito don haka.
Idan Zener diode an amfani da shi a kan kula neman, ana kiran Zener controlled transistor series voltage regulator ko kuma emitter follower voltage regulator. A nan, transistor da ake amfani shi shine emitter follower (a nan). Emitter da collector terminals na series pass transistor da ake amfani shi suna da aiki a kan load. Variable element shine transistor da Zener diode yana bayar reference voltage.
Kula neman shunt shunt voltage regulator yana da hanyar kafofin supply voltage zuwa ground baki daya da variable resistance. Daga load, current yana shunt away zuwa ground. Muna iya cewa wannan kula yana iya absorb current, amma yana da fa'ida da kuma ya zama da kula series. Applications sun haɗa error amplifiers, voltage monitoring, precision current limiters, etc. Suna da biyu tsarin da za a bayyana a nan.