Takaitaccen Capacitance

Wannan shi da yadda mafi muhimmanci a cikin ci gaban kawar elektroniki na AC, tare da resistance da inductance, shine capacitance. Capacitance yana kanuna a birane. Birnin capacitance shine farad. Idan inductance ana nufin a cikin ci gaban da hankali, capacitance ana nufin a cikin ci gaban da capacitor. A formicin da ta daidai, capacitor yana da kafuwar babbanta da za su iya duba, da nonconductor wanda ake kira dielectric daga babban da biyu. A cikin ci gaban elektroniki, capacitor yana aiki a matsayin abokan ko daya da ke taimaka wajen sakamako da kula.

Bayanin Capacitance a Cikin Kulan Direct Current

Idan capacitor ya dangantaka a cikin masu sarki kulan direct current, kamar battery mai sakamako a cikin ci gaban da aka bayyana a Figure 1A, kuma switch ya kashe, plate da aka marka B zai yi positive charge, kuma plate A zai yi negative charge. Kulan zai taka ne a cikin ci gaban da ba da shi idan electrons suna taka daga B zuwa A. Kulan zai taka ne a cikin ci gaban a lokacin da switch ya kashe, amma zai lafiya har zuwa lokacin da ta zama zero. Kulan zai zama zero a lokacin da farkon voltage da aka fara wa A da B yana zama maka voltage da aka fara wa battery. Plates zai dace da suka sakamako idan switch ya kusa, kamar yadda aka bayyana a Figure 1B. Idan capacitor ya sauraro, zai kula tsaye kamar yadda aka bayyana a Figure 1C. Yana da kyau a tabbatar da wannan cewa idan capacitor ya danganta ko kula, akwai kulan a cikin ci gaban, kafin da gap daga plates capacitor ya jagoranci ci gaban. Kulan yana da cikin ci gaban kawai lokacin da an danganta ko kula, wanda yana da wani lokaci mai tsawo.

Fig 1 - Bayanin Capacitance a cikin kulan direct current.

RC Time Constant Lokacin da ya da zarura wajen capacitor ya samun full electrical charge yana da muhimmanci da capacitance da resistance na ci gaban. Resistance na ci gaban yana ba da elementin lokaci a cikin danganta da kula na capacitor.

Idan capacitor ya danganta ko kula through a resistance, akwai wani lokacin da ya da zarura don full charge ko kula. Voltage across the capacitor ba zan canzawa tsari. Rate of charging or discharging yana nufin a cikin time constant na ci gaban. Time constant na series RC (resistor/capacitor) circuit shine lokacin da ya da zamanin da ya lalace da resistance a ohms da capacitance a farad, kuma ana nufin da greek letter tau (τ).

τ = RC

Lokacin da aka bayyana a formula yana da zarura don charge to 63% of the voltage of the source. Lokacin da aka bukata don bring the amount of charge to about 99% of the source voltage yana da zamanin approximately 5 τ. Figure 2 illustrates this relationship of the time constant characteristics of charging.

Fig 2 - Discharge curve na Capacitance Definition.

Idan na magana game da bayanin capacitance, ina bayyana cewa capacitance shine measure of a capacitor’s ability to store electric charge. Symbol used for capacitance shine letter C. Ina iya ce sararin dielectric material a cikin electronic component da ita zai iya sakamako energy.

Kamar yadda aka bayyana a time constant illustration, ba zan iya samun kulan direct current continuous a cikin capacitor. Capacitor mai kyau zai juye kulan direct current kuma zai iya taimaka effects of pulsing DC or alternating current.

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