Quid sunt essentialia ad seleccionem et installationem transformatorum voltaginis AIS exteri 66kV

Salve omnes! Ego sum Iacobus, professionarius cum plus quam decem annis experientiae in installatione transformatorum tensionis. Hodie volo loqui de selectione et installatione transformatorum tensionis Air Insulated Switchgear (AIS) in substationibus exteriis 66kV.

Hae machinae sunt criticae pro mensuratione et protectione in systematibus electricitatis. Eorum recta selectio et installatio directe afficiunt securitatem et stabilitatem totius rete electricitatis. Cum progressu technologiae rete intelligentis, transformatores tensionis AIS electronicos paulatim fiunt electio praeferebili. Officium multa intelligentia, sed etiam maiora exspectantia ad installationem et maintenance.

1. Factores Claves in Selectione Transformatoris Tensionis AIS

Incipiamus ab functione et applicatione — hoc est consideratio maxime importantis in selectione transformatoris tensionis.

• Transformatores tensionis protectivi necessitant latam gamman dynamicam. Saepe eligimus accuratiam classis 10P cum capacitate nominata circa 5VA. Hoc certificat accurate transmissionem signali etiam sub conditionibus abnormalibus sicut circuitus brevis.

• Transformatores tensionis mensurativi, alterum vero, requirunt altam precisionem. Saepe optamus classis 0.2S vel superior, cum capacitate nominata saltem 10VA, ad satisfaciendum exigentias mensurationis energiae et monitorationis systematis.

Cum progressu retium intelligentium, transformatores tensionis electronici obtinuerunt popularitatem in substationibus 66kV ob suas capabilities output digitalis, praesertim in ambientibus ubi integratio cum systematibus protectionis digitalis est necessaria.

Deinde, consideremus nivellum tensionis et formam structurae. In 66kV, quod cadit in categoriam medii nivelli (3kV–110kV), structurae uniphasalis vel triphasalis saepe utuntur.

• Pro simplicibus systematibus principali wiring, duo transformatores uniphasales connecti in tensione phase-to-phase vel V/V connection bene operantur.

• In substationibus requirientibus monitoringem insulationis, melius est uti uno transformatore triphasale quinque-nucleo tri-winding vel tribus transformatoribus uniphasalibus tri-winding connectis in Y/Y-Δ configuration. Haec dispositio permittit mensurationem tensionis lineae et filtrare tensionem zero-sequenti per open delta winding, efficaciter monitoring condicionem insulationis systematis.

Tunc est typus insulationis et selectio dielectrici — factor core ad operationem securam exteriorem. Traditio 66kV transformatorum tensionis saepe utitur immersione olei vel cast resin insulation, sed moderni modellos AIS preferunt designa gas-insulated.

Secundum recentissimum standardem nationalem GB/T 20840.11-2025, pro transformatoribus tensionis AIS exteriis 66kV et super, insulatio SF₆/N₂ mixta nunc commendatur vice SF₆ puri. Quare? Quia SF₆ purus facile liquefit in ambientibus frigoris, praesertim sub -25°C. Gas mixtus (saepe 20%–30% SF₆) solvit hanc problemam dum reducit emissiones greenhouse gas.

Transformatores gas-insulated debent uti vasculis gas stainless steel welded et structuris sealing double O-ring ad certificandum bonam airtightness etiam in duris conditionibus exteriis. Consideret quoque adaptabilitatem environmentalis medium insulationis — res sicut resistencia ad tempestates et pollutionem — ad tractandum diversa climata regionum.

2. Exigentia Technica pro Installatione Transformatorum Tensionis AIS

Nunc, procedamus ad installationem — alium passum cruciale quod necessitat strictam adhesionem ad standards technicos.

Quando eligimus locum installationis, hic sunt aliquot puncta claves:

• Transformator tensionis debet instari inter outlet equipment high-voltage et equipment distribution, certificans accurate mensurationem tensionis.

• Debet collocari proxime ad busbar vel outlet transformatoris, sed servare clearance saltem 1.5 meters ab disconnect switches, circuit breakers, etc., ad vitandam electromagnetic interference et vibrationem mechanicam.

• Altitudinem installationis sequatur guidelines substation design — saepe altior quam equipment circumstantia ad reducendum accumulation contamination et certificans bonam ventilation, praeventando overheating quod potest degradare performance insulationis.

• Si plures transformatores tensionis operantur in parallel, certifica quod sint isolati ab invicem ad praeveniendam mutuam interference.

Deinde est configuratio grounding, quae est essens ad installationem securam.

Systema grounding pro transformatoribus tensionis AIS 66kV externis debet sequi principium “single-point grounding”:

• Punctum neutrale primariae winding debeat fideliter grounding — praesertim in configurationibus star-connected. Hoc est fundamentum ad praeveniendam overvoltage et certificans securitatem systematis.

• Circuitus secundarius debet grounding in solo puncto — saepe in terminal block in control room — ad vitandam circulating currents vel false trips causatas per multi-point grounding.

• Unum terminorum tertiaris winding (open delta winding) debet etiam grounding in solo puncto, et nullus switchable device debet inseri in lead grounding.

Pro transformatoribus gas-insulated, specialis attentio debet duci ad design ground membrane explosion-proof. Utar materialibus anti-aging et corrosion-resistant, et certifica solidam grounding ad praeveniendam damnum ab water accumulation vel frost heave. Installa quoque rain covers in relays densitas gas SF₆ et certifica quod permitant calibration sine disassembly, meliorando operational reliability.

Denique, selectio et installatio fusorum debet convenire parametris equipment.

• Latus primarius transformatoris tensionis AIS 66kV externi debet equipari cum RW10-35/0.5 drop-out fuse, cum currente nominata 0.5A et breaking capacity 1000MVA. Hoc protegit transformator ab short-circuit currents.

• Installa fusum verticaliter vel horizontaliter, certificans quod fus tube sit stricto connectus ad porcelain bushing ad vitandam poor contact propter looseness.

• Fusorum secundarii debent eligi secundum load impedance, saepe utentes standard fuses. Verum tamen, evita connectere quaelibet possible break points (sicut isolators) in circuitu secundario ad praeveniendam voltage feedback quae possit damnum equipment.

Pro transformatoribus tensionis AIS electronicis, considerationes additionales includunt protectionem loop fiber-optic — sicut measures anti-vibration et moisture-proof — ad certificandam integritatem signalis.

3. Standards pro Installatione et Maintenance Transformatorum Tensionis AIS

Standardization installationis et maintenance est fundamentum operationis securae.

Secundum GB/T 20840.11-2025, transformatores tensionis AIS 66kV et super debent complere strictas exigentias pro fortitudine mechanica, tolerancia temperature, et performance sealing. Durante transportation, 10g vibration sensors debent instari. Pro batch de plus quam 10 unitates, instala duo per vehiculum; pro paucioribus quam 10, instala unum. Post adventum, inspecta data vibrationis. Si quis sensor recordat ultra 10g vel cecidit, redde unitatem pro inspectione interna.

Pro maintenance, regularis testing preventive est crucialis:

• Perfice tests insulatio resistance

• Conduct partial discharge measurements

• Carry out excitation curve tests

Hoc certificat equipment complere exigentias performance. Pro transformatoribus gas-insulated, regulariter test SF₆ gas moisture content et perform live leak detection. In aliquis casibus, abbrevia cycle inspectionis.

Durante mense primo post commissioning, perfice inspections live. Postea, inspecta quarterly ad certificandam qualitatem gasi conveniens standards.

Quando ad handling fault, sequi procedures standardizatas:

• Si fusus detonat, primum inspecta fusus secundarii. Si detonat iterum post replacement, significat fault seriam in circuitu secundario — investiga diligenter.

• Si pressio gasi repente decidit, statim tollite unitatem offline pro detection leake et repair, vitando continued operation quod possit compromittere insulation.

4. Summary

In summary, hic sunt puncta claves ad memorandum in selectione et installatione transformatorum tensionis AIS:

• Clare define functionem: Typi protectivi utuntur classibus wide-range sicut 5TPE; typi mensurativi utuntur classibus high-precision sicut 0.2S; typi electronici debent considerare compatibility output digitalis.

• Elige structuram convenientem secundum nivellum tensionis et characteristics systematis — V/V vel triphasalis quinque-leg core configurations — et certifica methodum grounding neutralis conveniat systemati.

• Select media insulation convenientia secundum conditions environmentales. Pro systematibus 66kV externis, priorize SF₆/N₂ mixed gas insulation ad vitandam risk liquefactionis cum SF₆ puro in climatibus frigidis.

• Installa proxime ad outlets equipment high-voltage, sed servare saltem 1.5 meters ab switches et breakers ad certificandam ventilation et stabilitatem mechanicam.

• Sequere regulam “single-point grounding” pro windings primaria, secundaria, et tertiaris ad vitandam circulating currents.

• Match fuses ad specs equipment: RW10-35/0.5 pro latus primarius, standard fuses pro latus secundarius, et certifica secure installation.

Cum technology continua evolventur, sic et transformatores tensionis AIS. Improvements in gas insulation, maturity of electronic sensing technologies, and the adoption of smart monitoring systems all contribute to safer, more reliable, and efficient solutions for 66kV outdoor substations.

As technology continues to evolve, so do AIS voltage transformers. Improvements in gas insulation, maturity of electronic sensing technologies, and the adoption of smart monitoring systems all contribute to safer, more reliable, and efficient solutions for 66kV outdoor substations.

I hope this article helps you better understand the essentials of selecting and installing AIS voltage transformers. If you have any questions or want to share your own experiences, feel free to leave a comment or send me a message. Let's learn together and grow together!

— James