Ufugaji wa Namba ya Nguvu ya Kiwango Kimaalum: Suluhisho la Kubakisha Mipaka kwa Ufugaji wa Mfumo wa Tatu Mifano

I. Mtaani​

Suluhisho hili linatumia chip ya kawaida yenye ufanisi mkubwa na muundo wa moduli wengi unaoendelea pamoja ili kupata upatikanaji, uprocessing, udisplay, na kutuma mbali data za mifano ya umeme wa tatu, kufikisha maagizo ya kukimbilia mapema ya mfumo wa umeme. Ingawa kuhakikisha usahihi wa utambuzi, metera digital hii inafanya kazi vizuri sana katika kuwasilisha matatizo ya interference kwa kutumia teknolojia nyingi na kuboresha gharama za uzaaji.

​II. Muundo wa Metera na Funguo​

​Muundo wa Mfumo​

Hutumia mfano wa "chip ya kawaida kama chini, moduli wengi wanayofanya kazi pamoja" ili kutekeleza funguo zote za kutafuta, kutathmini, kudisplay, na kutuma data.

​Funguo za Moduli Kuu​

1. ​Moduli ya Chip ya Kiongozi​
• Kifaa Kikuu: Chip MSP430F5438A
• Funguo Zinazotegemeana: AD conversion circuit, high-frequency crystal oscillator circuit, low-frequency crystal oscillator circuit
• Funguo Makuu: Kutumia moduli za mfumo na kutathmini ishara za data
• Misemo Yasiyofanikiwa: Mzunguko wa low-frequency crystal una capacitance za kujitetea ndani; input ya main frequency ni pekee yake inaweza kujihusisha na 32768Hz low-frequency crystal.
2. ​Moduli ya Mzunguko wa Kutafuta Ishara​
• Kutafuta Voltage: Circuit ya voltage divider ya three-phase grid voltage
• Kutafuta Current: Three-phase current transformers
• Kutathmini Ishara: Operational amplifier circuit (amplification and level conversion)
• Channel Configuration: Voltage analog sampling channels, current analog sampling channels
• Funguo: Hutafuta kwa usahihi ishara za voltage na current za tatu.
3. ​Moduli ya Funguo za Msingi​
• Real-Time Clock (RTC): Hutoa msingi wa muda sahihi, husaidia kutathmini accuracy ya data.
• Kumbukumbu ya Information za Ndani: Hukua parameter za metera na data zilizopatikana, husupport content modification.
• Moduli ya Display Control: Hudisplay parameters za power grid, imejengwa na protection ya anti-interference.
• Communication Interface: RS485 interface, husupport connection to remote monitoring computers for real-time data upload.
• Power Supply Module: Multi-level power output
• 5V Output: For signal acquisition circuit module.
• 3.3V Output: For main control chip, RTC, memory, display control module.
• Isolated 5V Output: For communication interface.

​III. Matumizi Makuu na Faidesi​

1. ​Neutral Line Interference Solution​
• ​Traditional Issues​
• Neutral line needed to pass through 4 resistors with a total resistance of 1.496MΩ.
• Neutral line conductor susceptible to interference when floating.
• Abnormal three-phase voltage display when no voltage is applied.
• Unstable data, affecting sampling and metering accuracy.
• ​Improved Design​
• The neutral line of the voltage analog sampling channel is directly connected to the system ground.
• ​Technical Advantages​
• Completely resolves neutral line interference issues.
• Eliminates 4 neutral line resistors, simplifying circuit design.
• Reduces production difficulty and cost.
2. ​Anti-EFT Interference Design​
• ​Design Solution​
• An anti-EFT module is placed between the display control module and the main control chip.
• The module consists of 4 capacitors (C1-C4), corresponding one-to-one with the communication signal lines.
• Capacitor Specifications: C1, C3, C4 are 10000pF; C2 is 3300pF.
• One end of the capacitor is connected to the signal line, the other end is grounded.
• ​Technical Advantages​
• Provides effective protection for each communication signal line.
• Passes 4kV EFT immunity test.
• Possesses strong anti-EFT capability.
3. ​Anti-Electrostatic Discharge and Clock Stability Optimization​
• ​Crystal Oscillator Configuration​
• The main frequency input of the main control chip is solely connected to a 32768Hz low-frequency crystal.
• The chip's internal low-frequency oscillator circuit has built-in compensation capacitors.
• ​Triple Advantages​
• ESD Performance: Passes 15kV air discharge ESD test, operates stably.
• Clock Accuracy: Generates a seconds clock through frequency division, ensuring ADC sampling clock stability.
• Circuit Simplification: Eliminates the external AD conversion circuit and 2 crystal oscillator compensation capacitors.

​IV. Uwezo wa Teknolojia Jumla​

• ​Functional Realization​
• Stably completes the acquisition and processing of three-phase grid voltage and current signals.
• Real-time data display function.
• Real-time data upload to monitoring computers via the RS485 interface.
• Meets the real-time monitoring needs of the power sector.
• ​Performance Improvements​
• Effectively resolves three core issues: neutral line interference, electrostatic interference, and EFT interference.
• Significantly improves data acquisition and metering accuracy.
• Greatly enhances equipment operational stability.
• ​Cost Optimization​
• Eliminates multiple resistors, capacitors, and the external AD conversion circuit.
• Simplifies production process, reduces production difficulty.
• Reduces manufacturing costs, possessing high engineering application value.

​V. Thamani ya Matumizi​

Suluhisho hili la metera digital, kwa kutumia muktadha mpya ya mzunguko na teknolojia ya anti-interference, hutafuta kwa ufanisi na uhakika kwa kutathmini parameters za umeme. Pia, linaloboresha gharama za bidhaa, kutoa bidhaa teknikal zenye ushindani kwa eneo la kukimbilia mapema wa mfumo wa umeme, inapatikana kwa vifaa vya kimataifa vya kukimbilia umeme.