Tattalin SVR (Feeder Automatic Voltage Regulators) a Cikin Siyasa na Kungiyar Jirgin Lafiya

1 Tsari

Daga cewa takarda tattalin arzikin kasar yana ci gaba da karkashin kashi na noma. Don wasu masanin tattalin arziki, lalacewar kashi, kungiyoyi da ba da kashi, da kuma kudaden kashi mai karfi ba su da wani ƙarin hanyar kan. Wadannan masu kashi na 10 kV (wadanda suna fito da muhimmancin rayuwa) a wurare da kuma wurare da kashi mai karfi. Wadannan kashi suna da kashi mai karfi, tsarin kashi mai karfi, da kuma kudaden kashi mai karfi. Saboda dalilai masu gurbin da kuma kudin, ba zan iya bayyana kafin kashi mai karfi ko kudeta kashi. Kafin kashi mai karfi da ƙarin hanyar kan 10 kV yana ba da hanyar tekniki don kashi mai karfi da kudaden kashi.

2 Hakanin Hikima na Kafin Kashi Mai Karfi

Kafin kashi mai karfi na SVR yana da ƙasar (autotransformer ta hanyar uku + on-load tap-changer, hakanin na Figure 1) da kuma birnin kontrol. Tushen yake na da shirya, shiga, da kuma kashi kontrol:

• Shirya: Da mutane masu shirya, ana haɗa da kashi maimakon da kashi, ana yi hikima a cikin kashi maida.

• Shiga: Winding ta hanyar uku, ana samun magana mai karfi.

• Kashi kontrol: Ana haɗa da winding ta shiga, ana bayyana kontrol/motor da kuma an yi rarrabe kashi.

Hakuri: A lokacin da aka yi hikima a cikin shirya (da on-load tap-changer), ana yi hikima a cikin kashi maida. On-load switches suna da 7 ko 9 gears (mutum ya zama da zaka). Tushen kafin kashi na SVR yana da hanyar uku da kashi, kamar:

3 Misali Na Iya Yi

3.1 Haɗin Kashi

Kashi na 10 kV yana da tushen maimakon da ke 15.138 km, ana amfani da duwatsu masu model: LGJ-70mm² da LGJ-50mm². Tsarin kashi na distribution transformers yana da 7260 kVA. A lokacin da kashi yana ci gaba, kashi a 220V side na distribution transformers a tsakiyar da kuma tsakanin kashi yana ci gaba zuwa 175V.

Don kashi na LGJ-70, kashi mai karfi per kilometer yana da 0.458 Ω da kuma reactance per kilometer yana da 0.363 Ω. Sannan, kashi mai karfi da kuma reactance daga substation zuwa pole 97# na tushen maimakon yana da:

R = 0.458 × 6.437 = 2.95Ω

X = 0.363 × 6.437 = 2.34Ω

Amsa da tsarin kashi na distribution transformer da kudin kashi, za a iya kula kashi mai karfi daga substation zuwa pole 97# na tushen maimakon:

• Δu — Kashi mai karfi, unit: kV.

• R — Kashi mai karfi, unit: Ω.

• X — Reactance, unit: Ω.

• r — Resistance per unit length, unit: Ω.

• x — Reactance per unit length, unit: Ω.

• P — Active power of the line, unit: kW.

• Q — Reactive power of the line, unit: kvar.

Sannan, kashi a pole 97# na tushen maimakon yana da: 10.4 - 0.77 = 9.63 kV a pole 178 yana da: 8.42 kV. Kashi a tsakiyar kashi yana da: 8.39 kV.

3.2 Halluka

Don in bincike kashi mai karfi, hukumar da kuma halluka a cikin medium- da low-voltage distribution networks sun hada da:

• Gina 35 kV substation ta hanyar uku don in kawo kashi mai karfi 10 kV.

• Sanya duwatsu da kashi mai karfi don in kawo kudin kashi.

• Gina reactive power compensation don kashi. Hallukan yana da darasi mai karfi don kashi mai karfi da kudin kashi.

• Gina kafin kashi mai karfi na SVR. Yana da hanyar uku mai karfi, tsarin kashi mai karfi, da kuma yana da iya amfani. Daga baya, za a amfani da uku masu halluka don in bincike kashi mai karfi a tsakiyar kashi na 10 kV.

3.2.1 Hallukan Gina 35 kV Substation

Amfani da gininta substation ta hanyar uku yana da kyau, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in bincike kashi mai karfi. Hallukan yana da kyau, amma kudin yana da ƙarin.

3.2.2 Hallukan Ginin Kashi Na 10 kV Main Trunk Line

Ginin kashi mai karfi yana da kyau, amma kudin yana da ƙarin. Kashi mai karfi na 10 kV yana da kyau, in kawo kashi mai karfi zuwa 9.5 kV.

3.2.3 Hallukan Gina Kafin Kashi Mai Karfi Na SVR

Gina 1 set of 10 kV automatic voltage regulators don in bincike kashi mai karfi a tsakiyar kashi bayan pole 161.

Amfani da gininta kafin kashi mai karfi na SVR yana da kyau, in kawo kashi mai karfi zuwa 10.3 kV.

Ba da ƙarin amfani, hallukan ta hanyar uku yana da kyau. Kafin kashi mai karfi na SVR yana da hanyar uku mai karfi, da kuma yana da abubuwa masu kyau:

• Yana da hanyar uku mai karfi, kafin kashi yana da hanyar uku mai karfi, da kuma yana da iya amfani.

• Tsarin kashi mai karfi yana da -10% ~ +20%, wanda yana da kyau.

A cikin misalai, za a gina kafin kashi mai karfi na SVR-5000/10-7 (0 ~ +20%) a tushen maimakon. Ba da kafin kashi, za a kawo kashi mai karfi zuwa:

U₁₆₁=U×10/8=10.5 kV

A cikin misalai:

• U₁₆₁ — Kashi mai karfi a lokacin da aka gina kafin kashi.

• 10/8 — Tsarin kashi mai karfi na kafin kashi da kudin kashi 0 ~ +20%.

Amfani da kafin kashi mai karfi na SVR yana da kyau, in bincike kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi.

3.2.4 Amfani Da Kafin Kashi Mai Karfi

Ginan kafin kashi mai karfi na SVR a cikin kashi yana da kyau, amma kudin yana da ƙarin. Kashi mai karfi yana da kyau, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi,......

1 Tsari

Daga cewa takarda tattalin arzikin kasar yana ci gaba da karkashin kashi na noma. Don wasu masanin tattalin arziki, lalacewar kashi, kungiyoyi da ba da kashi, da kuma kudaden kashi mai karfi ba su da wani ƙarin hanyar kan. Wadannan masu kashi na 10 kV (wadanda suna fito da muhimmancin rayuwa) a wurare da kuma wurare da kashi mai karfi. Wadannan kashi suna da kashi mai karfi, tsarin kashi mai karfi, da kuma kudaden kashi mai karfi. Saboda dalilai masu gurbin da kuma kudin, ba zan iya bayyana kafin kashi mai karfi ko kudeta kashi. Kafin kashi mai karfi da ƙarin hanyar kan 10 kV yana ba da hanyar tekniki don kashi mai karfi da kudaden kashi.

2 Hakanin Hikima na Kafin Kashi Mai Karfi

Kafin kashi mai karfi na SVR yana da ƙasar (autotransformer ta hanyar uku + on-load tap-changer, hakanin na Figure 1) da kuma birnin kontrol. Tushen yake na da shirya, shiga, da kuma kashi kontrol:

• Shirya: Da mutane masu shirya, ana haɗa da kashi maimakon da kashi, ana yi hikima a cikin kashi maida.

• Shiga: Winding ta hanyar uku, ana samun magana mai karfi.

• Kashi kontrol: Ana haɗa da winding ta shiga, ana bayyana kontrol/motor da kuma an yi rarrabe kashi.

Hakuri: A lokacin da aka yi hikima a cikin shirya (da on-load tap-changer), ana yi hikima a cikin kashi maida. On-load switches suna da 7 ko 9 gears (mutum ya zama da zaka). Tushen kafin kashi na SVR yana da hanyar uku da kashi, kamar:

3 Misali Na Iya Yi

3.1 Haɗin Kashi

Kashi na 10 kV yana da tushen maimakon da ke 15.138 km, ana amfani da duwatsu masu model: LGJ-70mm² da LGJ-50mm². Tsarin kashi na distribution transformers yana da 7260 kVA. A lokacin da kashi yana ci gaba, kashi a 220V side na distribution transformers a tsakiyar da kuma tsakanin kashi yana ci gaba zuwa 175V.

Don kashi na LGJ-70, kashi mai karfi per kilometer yana da 0.458 Ω da kuma reactance per kilometer yana da 0.363 Ω. Sannan, kashi mai karfi da kuma reactance daga substation zuwa pole 97# na tushen maimakon yana da:

R = 0.458 × 6.437 = 2.95Ω

X = 0.363 × 6.437 = 2.34Ω

Amsa da tsarin kashi na distribution transformer da kudin kashi, za a iya kula kashi mai karfi daga substation zuwa pole 97# na tushen maimakon:

• Δu — Kashi mai karfi, unit: kV.

• R — Kashi mai karfi, unit: Ω.

• X — Reactance, unit: Ω.

• r — Resistance per unit length, unit: Ω.

• x — Reactance per unit length, unit: Ω.

• P — Active power of the line, unit: kW.

• Q — Reactive power of the line, unit: kvar.

Sannan, kashi a pole 97# na tushen maimakon yana da: 10.4 - 0.77 = 9.63 kV a pole 178 yana da: 8.42 kV. Kashi a tsakiyar kashi yana da: 8.39 kV.

3.2 Halluka

Don in bincike kashi mai karfi, hukumar da kuma halluka a cikin medium- da low-voltage distribution networks sun hada da:

• Gina 35 kV substation ta hanyar uku don in kawo kashi mai karfi 10 kV.

• Sanya duwatsu da kashi mai karfi don in kawo kudin kashi.

• Gina reactive power compensation don kashi. Hallukan yana da darasi mai karfi don kashi mai karfi da kudin kashi.

• Gina kafin kashi mai karfi na SVR. Yana da hanyar uku mai karfi, tsarin kashi mai karfi, da kuma yana da iya amfani. Daga baya, za a amfani da uku masu halluka don in bincike kashi mai karfi a tsakiyar kashi na 10 kV.

3.2.1 Hallukan Gina 35 kV Substation

Amfani da gininta substation ta hanyar uku yana da kyau, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in bincike kashi mai karfi. Hallukan yana da kyau, amma kudin yana da ƙarin.

3.2.2 Hallukan Ginin Kashi Na 10 kV Main Trunk Line

Ginin kashi mai karfi yana da kyau, amma kudin yana da ƙarin. Kashi mai karfi na 10 kV yana da kyau, in kawo kashi mai karfi zuwa 9.5 kV.

3.2.3 Hallukan Gina Kafin Kashi Mai Karfi Na SVR

Gina 1 set of 10 kV automatic voltage regulators don in bincike kashi mai karfi a tsakiyar kashi bayan pole 161.

Amfani da gininta kafin kashi mai karfi na SVR yana da kyau, in kawo kashi mai karfi zuwa 10.3 kV.

Ba da ƙarin amfani, hallukan ta hanyar uku yana da kyau. Kafin kashi mai karfi na SVR yana da hanyar uku mai karfi, da kuma yana da abubuwa masu kyau:

• Yana da hanyar uku mai karfi, kafin kashi yana da hanyar uku mai karfi, da kuma yana da iya amfani.

• Tsarin kashi mai karfi yana da -10% ~ +20%, wanda yana da kyau.

A cikin misalai, za a gina kafin kashi mai karfi na SVR-5000/10-7 (0 ~ +20%) a tushen maimakon. Ba da kafin kashi, za a kawo kashi mai karfi zuwa:

U₁₆₁=U×10/8=10.5 kV

A cikin misalai:

• U₁₆₁ — Kashi mai karfi a lokacin da aka gina kafin kashi.

• 10/8 — Tsarin kashi mai karfi na kafin kashi da kudin kashi 0 ~ +20%.

Amfani da kafin kashi mai karfi na SVR yana da kyau, in bincike kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi.

3.2.4 Amfani Da Kafin Kashi Mai Karfi

Ginan kafin kashi mai karfi na SVR a cikin kashi yana da kyau, amma kudin yana da ƙarin. Kashi mai karfi yana da kyau, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi,......

4 Kammala

A wurare da kudin lalacewar kashi, musamman masanin tattalin arziki da kudin kashi mai karfi, kafin kashi mai karfi na SVR yana da hanyar uku mai karfi, in bincike kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo kudin kashi, in kawo kashi mai karfi, da kuma in kawo k............