ژێنەیەکی ئەلکترۆنی
Pêşkêş û Karûbarî ya Voltmetreyê Elektronîk
Pêşkêş: Voltmetreyê elektronîk çêkirina amplifayker ê dike ku bi serfiraziyet bide. Ev cihaz biryar ve çapraz û barresandî ye ji bo pîvanîna voltan di dîvên alternating current (AC) û direct current (DC) de. Ji ber rizistanza input yekêm, voltmetreyê elektronîk pîvana voltanê baxbûn hediye dikaye, ku wek heya bijarkirinê di vebijarkên elektrîk û elektronîk de piştgirî dike.
Voltmetreyên moving - coil tracidan derbasda biguherînin da ku sinyalên voltanê bi girîngî nêzike bikin. Voltmetreyê elektronîk ewa problemê bêtir bike. Rizistança input yekêm wisa jî sinyalên elektrîkên zêde nezike bike, li gor ku pîvanan baxbûn bikin. Rizistan yekêm demane ku voltmetreya pir bingehiyan dike ser input supply, ku loading effect li ser circuit testand dikin.
Voltmetreyên elektronîk dikarin transistorsan an vacuum tubesan bikar bînin ji bo komponentên aktîf. Voltmetreyên transistorsan (TVMs) tevahî rizistan yekêm hene, ku wan ji bo pîvanîna barresandî nekar bînin. Di her dilavê de, voltmetreyên vacuum tubesan (VVMs) rizistan kêmtir hene, ku wan ji bo karên pîvanîna barresandî û pîvanîna voltanê piştgirî dike.
Karûbar û Karûbarî ya Voltmetreyê Elektronîk
Serbestiya asayî ya voltmetreyê elektronîk li ser principle ku migara voltanê pîvanîne be proporsional e ku deflection pointer di instrumenta de. Pointer li ser scale calibrated bixwe, û pozisyon ku deflection dikaye baxbûn pîvanîne dike voltanê input.
Di navbera voltmetreyên moving - coil, ku powerê ziada dike lê din di circuit testand de, ku heta xete lez dike ji ber loading, voltmetreyên elektronîk ewa problemê bêtir bike. Design yekêm wisa jî power minimale dike lê din, ku pîvanîna voltanê baxbûn bikin di vebijarkên zorava de.
Voltmetreyê Elektronîk: Operation û Classification
Di voltmetreyê elektronîk de, deflection pointer li ser auxiliary amplifier circuit bixwe. Output voltages ya amplifier yekam pêşgotin voltan levels test circuit. Girîngî, power minimal dike lê din di mechanism deflector de. Feature design eva jî pêvekirinê baxbûn bike, li gor ku ew reduce potential xete lez ji ber interference power-related an loading effects li ser circuit testand.
Types of Electronic Voltmeter
Voltmetreyên elektronîk dikarin li gor div types distinct bikin:
Analog Electronic Voltmeter
Analog electronic voltmeter li gor output yekêm pêşgotin dike deflection pointer li ser scale calibrated. Cihaz voltage-measuring eva high circuit impedance hê, ku impact min li ser circuit testand. Li ser electronic amplifier bikar bînin ji bo regulate û process input signals effectively.
Analog electronic voltmeter dikarin li gor type voltage measurement bikin:
AC Analog Electronic Voltmeter: Specifically designed to measure alternating current voltages, it accurately captures the fluctuating nature of AC signals and translates them into a corresponding pointer deflection on the scale.
DC Analog Electronic Voltmeter: Tailored for the measurement of direct current voltages, it provides a stable and reliable indication of constant-voltage levels, making it suitable for a wide range of DC-powered electrical systems and components.
Digital Electronic Voltmeter û Advantages of Electronic Voltmeters
Digital Electronic Voltmeter
A digital electronic voltmeter is a type of instrument that provides a digital output for the measured voltage, presenting the result in a numerical format. By eliminating the need for manual interpretation of a pointer on a scale, digital electronic instruments effectively reduce human-induced errors, particularly parallax errors. Since the readings are directly displayed as numbers, they offer greater precision and clarity, ensuring more accurate and consistent voltage measurements.
Advantages of Electronic Voltmeter
Electronic voltmeters offer several significant benefits that make them indispensable tools in electrical and electronic measurement:
Low-Level Signal Detection: Equipped with amplifiers, electronic voltmeters are designed to minimize load errors, enabling them to detect extremely weak electrical signals. These amplifiers are sensitive enough to identify signals that produce a current as low as approximately 50μA. The ability to detect such low-level signals is crucial for obtaining accurate and reliable measurements, especially in applications where the true value of a voltage might be obscured by noise or other interference. This sensitivity ensures that even the smallest voltage fluctuations can be accurately measured, providing valuable insights into the behavior of electrical circuits.
Low Power Consumption: Electronic voltmeters incorporate vacuum tubes or transistors, both of which possess amplifying properties. Instead of relying solely on the measured voltage for operation, they utilize an auxiliary power source to drive the pointer deflection mechanism. The magnitude of the measured voltage controls the deflection of the sensing element, reducing the power drawn from the circuit under test. As a result, the overall power consumption of the electronic voltmeter circuit remains extremely low. This energy-efficient design not only extends the lifespan of the instrument but also minimizes its impact on the circuit being measured, making it suitable for a wide range of applications, including those where power conservation is critical.
Broad Frequency Range: Thanks to the use of transistors, the operation of electronic voltmeters is not limited by a specific frequency range. These versatile instruments can accurately measure voltages across a wide spectrum, from very low frequencies to extremely high frequencies. This wide-ranging frequency capability allows electronic voltmeters to be used in diverse applications, such as in the analysis of power systems, signal processing circuits, and high-speed digital electronics. Whether measuring the slow-varying DC components or the rapidly oscillating AC signals, electronic voltmeters can provide reliable and precise voltage readings, making them an essential tool for engineers and technicians working in various fields of electronics.
It is important to note that electronic voltmeters can only measure power when the circuit is closed and current is flowing through the meter. This operational requirement highlights the need for proper circuit configuration and connectivity to obtain accurate power measurements using these instruments.
