Karamin Yawan Kuli a Makarantun Kuli na Tsalaki | Karamin Yawan Kuli
A cikin duniya, ziyarwa masu karkashin kuliya da ya yi haka ta fadada tsarin power plant. Tsarin kuliya na gaskiya, a cikin kungiyar kuliya da mutanen kasa suke yin shi, shine mafi yawan kuma mafi yadda a duniya, saboda ta ci abin da ke nuna a kan mutum biliyan 7 zuwa da suka fito a duniya.
Fadada tsarin kuliya ya haɗa da fadada kayayyakin kuliya. Amma domin sani ne, kayayyakin kasa ba za su duka tare da zaman lafiya. Saboda haka, tsarin kuliya ya zama da kayayyaki masu ƙarfin karamin rana.
Kuma, duk kungiyoyin kuliya masu sauran suna da alamomin kimiyya masu fiye, da kila ɗaya na da kayayyakin kuliya na musamman. Saboda haka, abubuwan da aka samun shi shine maɗalla mai kuliya ya zama ɗaya da 20% zuwa 26% idan aka duba tsarin kuliya.
Abubuwan da aka bayyana a nan suna nuna cewa an bukata da jiki mai mahimmanci, don in taimaka wajen ƙara kayayyakin kuliya, kuma economizer shine taurari da ya taimaka wajen ƙara kayayyakin kuliya. Don haka, zan iya ce cewa za mu fi kyau a duba tsarin ƙarfin kayayyakin kuliya a fili.
Muhihimmiyar Economizer
Economiser shine taurari masu ƙarfi wanda ake amfani da shi a matsayin heat exchanger don in kunshi ruwa ko kuma in kawo kayayyakin kuliya. A cikin kungiyar kuliya, economiser shine taurari masu ƙarfi wanda ake amfani da shi don in kula kayayyakin kuliya da kuma in kawo kayayyakin kuliya daga gas-gasai na kuliya (flue gases) a cikin kungiyar kuliya lokacin da ake kula shi. Gas-gasai na kuliya suna da nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, soot, carbon monoxide da sauransu.
Saboda haka, economiser a cikin kungiyoyin kuliya, ana amfani da shi don in ƙara kayayyakin kuliya, kamar yadda ake sani da sunan taurari. Kayayyakin kuliya da aka kawo shi ana amfani da shi don in kunshi ruwa na kuliya, wanda zai canzawa zuwa super-heated steam. Saboda haka, an kara kayayyakin kuliya da kuma in ƙara tsarin kuliya a kadan, domin ake kawo kayayyakin kuliya da ake iya amfani da shi. A yanzu, akwai kuma air pre-heater wanda ake amfani da shi don in kula kayayyakin kuliya daga gas-gasai na kuliya, wanda ake bukata a cikin kungiyoyin kuliya masu coal.
Tsarin Haɗa da Economizer
Kamar yadda aka nuna a taka, gas-gasai na kuliya da aka kula shi daga furnace na kuliya suna da kayayyakin kuliya. Fanni na economiser a cikin kungiyar kuliya shine in kula kayayyakin kuliya daga gas-gasai na kuliya kafin ake kula shi a kan chimni. Yana da kayayyakin kuliya a kan gas-gasai na kuliya da kuma ruwa a kan tubu da kula kayayyakin kuliya.
Economisers a cikin kungiyoyin kuliya suna da kayayyakin kuliya da temperature na gas-gasai na kuliya, pressure drop, wata kayayyakin kuliya da kuma abin da ake buƙata don in kula kayayyakin kuliya.
Idan ake kula ruwa a cikin kungiyar kuliya, za a faru steam, wanda zai canzawa zuwa super-heated steam, kuma zai canza zuwa turbines. Steam da aka kula shi daga turbines zai canza zuwa steam condenser, kuma ruwa da aka kula shi zai canzawa zuwa feed water heater, kuma kuma zai canza zuwa kungiyar kuliya.
An samu shi a kan gas-gasai na kuliya, bayan ake kula shi daga kungiyar kuliya kafin ake kula shi a kan chimni. Ana samu tubu masu tsirriyar da kuma tsirriyar masu kwallon kaya, gas-gasai na kuliya suna kula shi a kan tubu.
Tsarin Kula Kayayyakin Kuliya a Cikin Economizer, Evaporator da Superheater
Kula kayayyakin kuliya a cikin kungiyar kuliya yana da tsarin uku, kamar yadda aka nuna a taka. Ruwa zai canza zuwa economizer a kan liquid phase, kafin zai canza zuwa saturated liquid.
Zai canza zuwa evaporator, inda saturated liquid zai canzawa zuwa steam da kuma zai canza zuwa superheater, don in canzawa zuwa superheated steam.
Daga cikin heat exchangers uku, na biyu suna da kayayyakin kuliya, kuma faɗa na biyu shine economizer wanda ba ake amfani da kayayyakin kuliya, kuma yana da muhimmanci a cikin kungiyar kuliya.
Abubuwan Economizer
Economizer na CI Gilled Tube
Economizers na CI gilled tube suna da cikakken cast iron, suna da:
Efficiency masu yawan optimum saboda contact da gills da tubes.
Ana amfani da shi a cikin kungiyoyin kuliya da ake kula gas-gasai na kuliya saboda kayayyakin kuliya.
Economizer na Round Gilled Tube
Wanda ake amfani da mild steel fabricated with square and round fins, welded on carbon steel seamless tubes, suna da:
Contact da tubes da fins shine masu yawan optimum efficiency.
Economizer na Coiled Tube Type
Sunana amfani da shi a cikin kungiyoyin kuliya da processing units masu yawan. Suna da:
Sunana da yawan efficiency wajen kula kayayyakin kuliya daga gas-gasai.
Sunana da yawan space.
Economizer na Horizontal Finned Tube
Sunana amfani da carbon steel seamless tube sealed – welded with horizontal fins, suna da:
Proper care is taken for making the contact of fins with tubes for perfect heat transfer.
These are used mainly used by Thermal Power Plants.
Abubuwan Economizer Daga Filin Efficiency na Boiler
A cikin wannan takardun, an samu filin economical da economizer, yana da abubuwan types of economizers wanda ake amfani da su don in ƙara efficiency na boiler. Suna da abubuwan biyu, kamar yadda ake nuna a nan.
Non-Condensing Economizer
Abubu
