Transduser Taimaka: Me Da Su? (Kategoroin da Misalai)

Mai Suna Da Temperature Transducer?

A Temperature Transducer ita ce wata da take kawo alamar mai karfi zuwa abubuwan da suka hada da mechanical energy, pressure da electrical signals kamar haka. Misali, a thermocouple electrical potential difference tana shirya saboda farkon mai karfi a gaba-gabanninsa. Saboda haka, thermocouple ita ce temperature transducer.

Karamin Fasahotar Temperature Transducers

• Zuwar zuwa su duka suna da alamar mai karfi

• Su yana kawo alamar mai karfi zuwa electrical quantity

• Su yana amfani da su don bincike masu karfi da heat flow

Tsarin Mafi Yawan Temperature Transducers

Tsarin mafi yawan temperature transducers ana bayyana a nan cewa kan hanyar wadannan fasahotar
Sensing Element.

Sensing element a temperature transducers ita ce element da alamunsa ke badalawa saboda badalawa na mai karfi. Idan mai karfi ya badalawa, maka yana badalawa ne aiki aikin element.

Misali – A Resistance Temperture Detector (RTD) sensing element ita ce Platinum metal.

Fasahotar Da Za Su Iya Zama Wajen Zabi Sensing Element Ne

• Badalawa per unit resistance da material per unit badalawa na mai karfi yana da kyau

• Material yana da high resistivity saboda haka minimum volume of material an amfani da shi don kudanci

• Material yana da continuous and stable relationship with temperature

• Transduction Element
  Ita ce element da take kawo output ta sensing element zuwa electrical quantity. Badalawa a property ta sensing element tana zama output to. Ita ce take bincike badalawa a property ta sensing element. Output ta transduction element tana calibrate don bayyana output wanda yake nuna badalawa a thermal quantity.

Misali- A thermocouple potential difference tana shirya a gaba-gabanninsu, wanda ake bincika da voltmeter da magnitude of voltage tana shirya ba a yi calibration tana bayyana ide da badalawa na mai karfi.

Abubuwan Temperature Transducers

Abubuwan Contact Temperature Sensor

A nan sensing element tana haɗa da source na mai karfi. Su yana amfani da conduction don transfer mai karfi.

Abubuwan Non-contact Temperature Sensor

A non-contact temperature sensor, element ba tana haɗa da source na mai karfi (kamar non contact voltage tester or voltage pen). Non-contact temperature sensors yana amfani da principle of convection don heat flow. Various temperature transducers da ake amfani da su a gaba-gaban ana bayyana a nan:

Thermistor

Kalmomin thermistor tana iya kiran Thermal Resistor. Saboda haka, ita ce wata da resistance ta badalawa saboda badalawa na mai karfi. Idan mai karfi ya badalawa, maka resistance ta tana badalawa. Ba tare da harsunan sensitivity masu suna da amfani da su don bincike masu karfi. Su yana aka laifi da ideal temperature transducer. Thermistors suna da mixture of metallic oxides.

Fasahotar Thermistors

• Sunana Negative Thermal Coefficient i.e. resistance ta thermistor tana rage saboda rage mai karfi

• Sunana da semiconductor materials

• Sunana da sensitive than RTD (Resistance Thermometres) and Thermocouples

• Resistance ta tana cikin 0.5Ω to 0.75 MΩ

• Sunana da amfani da su a cikin applications da measurement range of temperature -60°C to 15°C.

Resistance Thermometers

Wata type na temperature transducer ita ce Resistance Temperature Detector ko RTD. RTD’s suna da precision temperature sensors suna da high-purity conducting metals such as platinum, copper or nickel wound into a coil and whose electrical resistance changes as change of temperature, similar to that of the thermistor.

Resistance ta badalawa da following relation as,

R = Resistance of element at given temperature
α = Thermal coefficient of element
Ro = Resistance of element at 0°C

Karamin Fasahotar RTD’s

• Sunana highly sensitive and very cheap as compared to thermistors and thermocouples

• Sunana can measure the temperature from -182.96°C to 630.74°C

Thermocouples

Thermocouples suna da temperature transducers wadanda suna da junctions of dissimilar metals, such as copper and constantan that are welded. One junction is kept at a constant temperature called the reference (Cold) junction, while the other the measuring (Hot) junction. When the two junctions are at different temperatures, a voltage is developed across the junction which is used to measure the temperature.

Siliminta Thermocouple

Idan junctions of two metals such as copper and constantan tana haɗa da su, potential difference tana shirya a bayan su. Phenomenon tana kira Seebeck effect saboda temperature gradient tana shirya along the conducting wires producing an emf. Then the output voltage from a thermocouple is a function of the temperature changes.

Karamin Fasahotar Thermocouples