
Misalci da kwaƙa da turanci shi ne wata wurin da ake amfani da ita don bincika rayuwar da ake gudanar da abubuwa, mutanen ruwa ko gas. Misalcan da kwaƙa da turanci suna iya yi haka zuwa tsari, ba zuwa tsari, zuwa tashin ruwa, ko zuwa tashin ci. Sunan misalcin da kwaƙa da turanci suna nufin misalcan da kwaƙa da turanci, misalcan da kwaƙa da turanci, ko misalcan da kwaƙa da mutanen ruwa.
Misalcan da kwaƙa da turanci na musamman sun haɗa:
Misalcan Mekaniki Da Kwaƙa Da Turanci
Misalcan Optik Da Kwaƙa Da Turanci
Misalcan Da Kwaƙa Da Turanci Na Tashin Mai Gaba
Wadannan misalcan suna bincika rayuwar da ake gudanar da abubuwan da suka fi kan su don samun tashin da suka fito. Ingantacce ya haɗa da in koye abubuwan da suka fi kan su a cikin wata wurin da ya koye waɗanda ake magana da su don samun rayuwar da suka fito. Wannan yana dace da kasuwanci da ake bayar da ruwa a cikin wata kwalba har zuwa wata matsayin da ake juye ta, sannan ta ake fito.
Wadannan misalcan da kwaƙa da turanci suna iya bincika rayuwar da ake gudanar da abubuwan da suka fito zuwa tsari, ko rayuwar da ake gudanar da abubuwan da suka fito ba zuwa tsari, ko da kuma tashin da suka fito. Misalcan da kwaƙa da turanci a tafuta da tushen ruwa suna iya bincika rayuwar da ake gudanar da abubuwan da suka fito zuwa tsari, ko rayuwar da ake gudanar da abubuwan da suka fito ba zuwa tsari, ko da kuma tashin da suka fito. Misalcan da kwaƙa da turanci a tafuta da tushen ruwa suna iya bincika rayuwar da ake gudanar da abubuwan da suka fito zuwa tsari, ko rayuwar da ake gudanar da abubuwan da suka fito ba zuwa tsari, ko da kuma tashin da suka fito. Misalcan da kwaƙa da turanci a tafuta da tushen ruwa suna iya bincika rayuwar da ake gudanar da abubuwan da suka fito zuwa tsari, ko rayuwar da ake gudanar da abubuwan da suka fito ba zuwa tsari, ko da kuma tashin da suka fito. Misalcan da kwaƙa da turanci a tafuta da tushen ruwa suna iya bincika rayuwar da ake gudanar da abubuwan da suka fito zuwa tsari, ko rayuwar da ake gudanar da abubuwan da suka fito ba zuwa tsari, ko da kuma tashin da suka fito. Nutating disc meter, Reciprocating piston meter, Oscillatory or Rotary piston meter, Bi-rotor type meters like those of Gear meter, Oval gear meter (Figure 1) and Helical gear meter fall under this category.
Wadannan misalcan suna bayar da masu amfani da takardukan da suka fito zuwa tashin da suka fito. Wadannan misalcan da kwaƙa da turanci a tafuta da tushen abubuwan da suka fitofa suna amfani a makarantar kimiyar da ake magana da tushen da suka fito zuwa tashin da suka fito.
Thermal meters (Figure 2a) and Coriolis flowmeters (Figure 2b) fall under this category. In the case of thermal meters, the fluid flow cools-off the probe, which is pre-heated to a certain degree. The heat loss can be sensed and will be used to determine the rate at which the fluid will be flowing. On the other hand, Coriolis meters work on the principle of Coriolis principle in which the fluid flow through the vibrating tube causes a change in frequency or phase shift or amplitude, which gives a measure of its flow rate.
A cikin misalcan da kwaƙa da turanci a tafuta da tushen farkon ciyar dukkiyar mutum, an bincika rayuwar da ake gudanar da abubuwan da suka fito zuwa tashin da suka fito. Wannan yana nufin cewa idan rayuwar da ake gudanar da abubuwan da suka fito yana zama da kusa, za ce zai iya zama da kusa da tushen da suka fito a cikin dukkiyar mutum (Figure 3), wanda zai iya tabbatar da su daga misalcan. Tun daga wannan, zai iya samun rayuwar da ake gudanar da abubuwan da suka fito saboda zai iya zama da kusa da tushen da suka fito (Bernoulli’s equation).
Orifice plate meter, Flow nozzle meter, Flow tube meter, Pilot tube meter, Elbow tap meter, Target meter, Dall tube meter, Cone meter, Venturi tube meter, Laminar flow meter, and Variable Area meter (Rotameter) are a few examples of differential pressure flow meters.
Misalcan da kwaƙa da turanci a tafuta da tushen sakiyan da suka fitofa suna bincika rayuwar da ake gudanar da abubuwan da suka fito zuwa tashin da suka fito. A cikin wadannan misalcan, zai iya bincika sakiyan da suka fito a wata ƙarin halayen da ake amfani da turbine (Figure 4).
Idan an amfani da hanyar da ake amfani don samun sakiyan da suka fito, akwai ƙarin misalcan da kwaƙa da turanci a tafuta da tushen sakiyan da suka fitofa kamar Turbine flow meter, Vortex Shedding flow meter, Pitot tube flow meter, Propeller flow meter, Paddle or Pelton wheel flow meter, Single jet flow meter and Multiple jet flow meter.
Binciken rayuwar da ake gudanar da abubuwan da suka fito a cikin yanayin da ke kusa, kamar wadannan da ake amfani a cikin yanayin da ke kusa, suna bukata da misalcan da kwaƙa da turanci a tafuta da tushen sakiyan da suka fitofa. SONAR flow meters, ultrasonic flow meters, as well as electromagnetic flow meters, also form a part of velocity-type flow meters.
Misalcan da kwaƙa da turanci a tafuta da tushen zane suna amfani da siffar zane don bincika rayuwar da ake gudanar da abubuwan da suka fito. Idan an amfani da hanyar da ake amfani don samun sakiyan da suka fito, akwai ƙarin misalcan da kwaƙa da turanci a tafuta da tushen sakiyan da suka fitofa kamar Turbine flow meter, Vortex Shedding flow meter, Pitot tube flow meter, Propeller flow meter, Paddle or Pelton wheel flow meter, Single jet flow meter and Multiple jet flow meter.
Misalcan da kwaƙa da turanci a tafuta da tushen tashin mai gaba suna amfani don bincika rayuwar da ake gudanar da abubuwan da suka fito zuwa tashin da suka fito. Weir meters and Flume meters (Figure 6) are the open channel flow meters which use secondary devices like bubblers or float to measure the depth of the fluid at a particular point. From this depth, the flow rate of the fluid can be obtained.
On the other hand, in dye-testing based open channel flow measurement case, a certain predetermined amount of dye or salt is used to change the concentration of the flowing stream of the fluid. The resulting dilution gives a measure of flow rate of the fluid. Next, it is to be noted that the precision with which the flow meters need to operate is decided by the application for which they are used. For example, when we want to monitor the flow of water through a pipe in our garden, it would be enough if we use a flow meter which has a lower precision than that which will be used when we need to monitor the flow of an alkali meant for a chemical process. Besides, one more factor which requires to be noted is that the flow meters, when used in conjunction with the flow valves, can perform the controlling actions successfully.
Misalcan da kwaƙa da turanci a tafuta da tushen ruwa shi ne wata wurin da ake amfani da ita don bincika rayuwar da ake gudanar da mutanen ruwa. Akwai biyu na hanyoyin da ake amfani don bincikan rayuwar da ake gudanar da mutanen ruwa – tafuta da tushen ruwa da sakiyan da suka fito. Common displacement designs include oscillating piston and nutating disc meters. Velocity-based designs include single and multi-jet meters and turbine meters.
Misalcan da kwaƙa da turanci a tafuta da tushen ruwa suna faɗa da ƙarin abubuwan da suka fitofa mafi girma da hanyoyin da suke amfani don bincikan rayuwar da ake gudanar da mutanen ruwa.
Generally, all residential water meters are of positive displacement type. These can in turn be gear meter- (Figure 1) or oscillating piston or nutating disk meter-type. Here, the water is made to enter into a chamber from which it is let out only when the chamber fills-out.