Testê Dijîtîn Ji Berên 110kV: Tevger û Efektîf

Yek Metoda Testkirina On-Line ji bo Şafikanên 110kV û Dabej

Di sisteman elektrik de, şafikanên hewçperastî kompanên bêrîn ne ku parastan pargaran ji nivîsên hewçperastî. Ji bo nistandina di 110kV û dabej de—wisa 35kV an 10kV substations—metoda testkirina on-line çareser dikin têkiliyên ekonomî yên li ser berdewamên elektrikê. Seretê ya metoda ya wê ye ku bikaranîna teknolojiya monitorkirina on-line bi xebitandin performansa şafikanê paşvekên werzekirina xebitiya sisteman.

Prinsipal testkirina wekhevî ye ku xebitandin barê zêdetina vêştiya, analizkirina komponenta cureya direksiyonî bi xebitandin daş û defektan di şafikan de. Standartên nemeyî IEC 60099-4 taybetmendiyên testkirina şafikanên hewçperastî nîşan dide, li ser rêza xebitandin cûr a rastî yên vêştiya li ser rêzê. Standarta nasionali China GB 11032 jî rengînebijiya testkirina ne-intrusîv di sisteman di 110kV û dabej de.

Pargaran testkirina ku hewce dikin transformatorên cureya (CTs) bi dîmayî, birîka data acquisition, û softwareya xebitandinê. CT pirsa wideband frequency response, qopî kirina 50 Hz derbas 1 MHz, ji bo navberdanên pirsgirêdayên overvoltage. Birîka data acquisition divê bi rêzgeha isolation design be ku hewçperastî ji sîsteman high-voltage bibere, amadekirina rastîya signal. Softwareya werin algoritman models—wisa Fourier transform analysis—ji bo hesabkirina rastîya cureya resistive di dema real de. Calibrasyona pargaran bi metrological standards re hatî, ji bo her sal ên din, bi xebitandin çêresên li ser standard source be destûre ±1%. Operatoran divê certifikasyonên high-voltage electrical bin û bi malumatên pargaran re tevahî be ku hewçperastî ji operasyonan bibere.

Împlementasyon bi pêşgotina mekanî re dest pê dike. Nîşan bike pikta nistandina şafikan, bi rêzgeha xweş û paşvekên electromagnetic interference. Piştragîn pargaran, xebitandin integritiya grounding system, bi ground resistance li ser 4 ohms. Clamp current transformer bi şafikan grounding lead, piştrengînin bi presyonê yekpar, paşvekên lêzerîn. Pargaran data acquisition bi CT output re bidest bikin, softwareya lanse bikin, û parametreên wisa 1 kHz sampling rate û 5-minute measurement duration set bikin. Di dema destpêkirina recording de, sistem bi xebitandin waveforma vêştiya kar dike. Di navbera test, operatoran real-time curves monitor bikin ji bo xebitandin fluctuationên abnorm. Pas data collection, raw files export bikin; softwareya otomatîk rapora generate bikin ku peak resistive current, fundamental component, û harmonic analysis îne. Her step divê bi test log re dokument bikin, timestamp, ambient temperature, û humidity.

Çareserînên ewlehiyê paramount ne. Risk assessment piştragîn navbera karkirina, hazardên wisa electric shock û arc flash. Pêşxirina full protective gear, insulating gloves, goggles, û flame-resistant clothing. Establish a safety perimeter bi warning tape û "High Voltage Test" signs; unauthorized personnel divê clear be. Safe distances maintain bikin di navbera testing de—minimum 1.5 meters ji bo 110kV systems. Emergency preparedness fire extinguishers û first aid kits; if anomalies occur, immediately cut power û report. According to Article 40 of China’s Occupational Safety Law, enterprises divê employees provide bikin no less than eight hours of annual safety training. Quality control requires test errors within ±2%, û repeated measurements must not deviate by more than 1%.

Results are analyzed using the software-generated report. A resistive current exceeding the baseline by 10% indicates aging and necessitates replacement; abnormal harmonic content suggests internal moisture or contamination. Report interpretation combines historical data to assess trends. For example, in a 35kV substation case, initial resistive current was 50μA, rising to 60μA after one year—prompt replacement prevented failure. Non-conforming results trigger maintenance workflows: complete a defect record form and notify operations teams for resolution within 48 hours. Data must be archived for at least five years for audit purposes.

This on-line method significantly improves efficiency, saving up to 90% time compared to traditional disassembly-based testing and reducing outage-related losses. Enterprises should establish annual plans, conducting tests quarterly to ensure system reliability. Continuous improvement includes adopting wireless transmission for remote monitoring. Successful implementation requires staff training to enhance technical proficiency. In summary, this method provides an efficient and safe solution for evaluating surge arresters in power systems at 110kV and below.