Transformer Equivalent Circuit

Equivalent Circuit Definition

An equivalent circuit of a transformer is a simplified model used to calculate impedance, resistance, and leakage reactance.

Primary Side Equivalent Circuit

To draw the equivalent circuit referred to the primary side, use the general equivalent circuit and modify it for primary side calculations.

Excitation Branch

The primary current splits into no-load and load components, requiring a parallel path in the equivalent circuit known as the excitation branch.

Approximate Equivalent Circuit

The excitation circuit can be ignored for simplification, combining resistance and reactance into equivalent values referred to the primary side.

Secondary Side Equivalent Circuit

The equivalent circuit can also be referred to the secondary side, following similar steps as for the primary side.