Bimetals: Taarifa, Fasahotu, da Amfani Da Su

A bimetal is defined as an object that is composed of two separate metals joined together by a metallurgical process. Unlike alloys, which are mixtures of two or more metals, bimetals consist of layers of different metals that retain their individual attributes. Bimetals can also be called bimetallic products or bicomponent materials.

Bimetals are characterized by two distinct metallic zones of the parent metals, which perform mechanically and electrically as a single unit. The benefit of bimetals is the ability to fully utilize the best qualities of each metal within one single product. For example, bimetals can combine the strength of one metal with the corrosion resistance of another, or the conductivity of one metal with the cost-effectiveness of another.

Bimetals are widely used in various industries and applications, such as electrical conductors, electrical contacts, thermostats, thermometers, protective devices, clocks, coins, cans, blades, and more. In this article, we will explore the working principle, common combinations, and major applications of bimetals.

Yadda ake amfani da bimetals?

Prinsipin daɗiɗa bimetals ta yi shi ba da haka cewa abubuwa daban-daban na fadada suka fi wasu al'umma mai yawa (αL), wanda ya ce suna ƙare ko ci gaba da tsari a lokacin da ake kira ko tafi. Al'ummar fadada mai yawa ta amsa ne da zama aiki da tsari zuwa farko da zama aiki da tsari zuwa gaba.

Amsa,

l ita ce tsari mai guci na abubuwan,

Δl ita ce wahala a tsari,

Δt ita ce wahala a tsari,

Al'ummari αL ita ce per °C.

Bimetal na da duwatsu na abubuwa daban-daban na fadada suka fi wasu al'umma mai yawa (αL) da aka sanya da damar. Bimetal a tsari mai guci ta haɗa a cikin takarda a nan.

Idan ake kira, ƙarin da ake kara a duk da duwatsu na abubuwan suka fi wasu al'umma. Wannan ya sa biyuwar da ake kara a duk da duwatsu na abubuwan suka ƙare da tsari a matsayin arc, inda abubuwan da al'ummar fadada mai yawa mai yawa ya zama a kan tsakiyar arc, kuma abubuwan da al'ummar fadada mai yawa mai ciya ya zama a kan tsakiyar arc kamar yadda ake nuna a cikin takarda a nan.

Idan ake tafi, biyuwar da ake kara a duk da duwatsu na abubuwan suka ƙare da tsari a matsayin arc, inda abubuwan da al'ummar fadada mai yawa mai ciya ya zama a kan tsakiyar arc, kuma abubuwan da al'ummar fadada mai yawa mai yawa ya zama a kan tsakiyar arc kamar yadda ake nuna a cikin takarda a nan.

Wannan matsalolin zai iya amfani da shi wajen ƙirƙira da kuma ƙaramin lafiya a tsari.

Wasu samun da ake amfani da su don ƙirƙira bimetals?

Kowane samun da ake amfani da su don ƙirƙira bimetals. Wasu samun da ake amfani da su don ƙirƙira bimetals su ne:

• Iron (high αL) and nickel (low αL)

• Brass (high αL) and steel (low αL)

• Copper (high αL) and iron (low αL)

• Constantan (high αL) and Invar (low αL)

Wasu muhimman amfani da ake amfani da bimetals?

Bimetals na da amfani a wasu masana. Wasu daga cikin amfani na da su ne:

Thermostats

Bimetals na da amfani a ƙirƙira thermostats don ƙirƙiri circuits da kontrol tsari waɗanda ake amfani a wasu abincin kamar electric heaters, electric irons, refrigerators, electric ovens, etc. A wasu circuits, current da ake karar da thermostat itself produces heat for its operation.

A typical bimetallic thermostat for this operation is shown in the figure below:

In operation as a thermostat, one end of the bimetal is fixed and connected to the source of supply. The other end is free to move. An electrical contact is attached to the free end of the bimetal, which moves with its expansion and bending.

At normal temperature, this moving contact makes contact with a fixed contact, as shown in the figure above. When heated, this bimetallic strip bends and disconnects from the fixed contact, as shown in the figure below. This opens or closes a circuit depending on its design.