Me kana Waka Diwodi?

Matsayin Vacuum Diode ne?

Takardun Vacuum Diode

Vacuum diode yana cikin abubuwa masu kontrol kadan hanyar elektron da ke fitowa a wurin mai yawa da biyu na shugaban kadan: cathode da anode. Cathode yana zama fili mai yawa wanda ya kasa da mutanen da suka fitowa don zuwa anode. Anode yana zama fili mai yawa wanda ya kasa da elektronon da suka fitowa daga cathode. Symbolin vacuum diode ana bayyana a nan.

An samu vacuum diode a shekarar 1904 ta Sir John Ambrose Fleming, kuma ana sani saboda haka a cikin sunan Fleming valve ko thermionic valve. Shi ne tsohon vacuum tube da alama ce na manyan vacuum tube devices, kamar triodes, tetrodes, da pentodes, wadanda suka yi amfani a cikin electronics na farkon shekarar 20. Vacuum diodes suka tabbataccen don hanyar radio, television, radar, kayan aiki da inganci, hanyoyin telefon na gaba, da komputo analog da hasashen digital.

Prinsipin Aiki

Vacuum diode yana aiki a cikin prinsipin thermionic emission, inda elektronon suka fitowa daga fili mai yawa. Idan cathode yana zama mai yawa, elektronon suka fitowa a wurin. Tsari mai kyau a anode yana jira waɗannan elektron, ta haka kadan yana zauna daga cathode zuwa anode a karamin yawan hanyar tsari mai kyau.

Amma, idan tsari mai kyau da aka sa a anode ba a fi kyau, anode ba zai iya jira duk elektronon da suka fitowa daga cathode saboda filin mai yawa. Saboda haka, wasu elektronon suka zama a wurin a kan biyuwa cathode da anode, zama cloud mai tsari mai rike da ake magana a cikin space charge. Space charge yana aiki a cikin babban abincin da ya baka waɗannan elektron da suka fitowa daga cathode da ya ci kadan a cikin circuit.

Idan tsarin da aka sa a anode da cathode yana zama zama, mafi yawan space charge electrons zai zama zuwa anode da zai fara karamin karamin waɗannan elektron da suka fitowa. Saboda haka, a zama zama tsarin da aka sa a anode da cathode, muna iya zama zama rate da elektronon suka fitowa da kadan a cikin circuit.

A lokacin da duk space charge yana zama zama a kan tsari mai kyau a anode, bai zan iya zama babban abincin da ya baka waɗannan elektron da suka fitowa daga cathode. Duk da haka, beam mai elektron zai zama zuwa anode a kan cathode a wurin. Saboda haka, kadan zai zama zuwa anode a kan cathode a cikin maximum value, wanda yake da shugaban kadan da ke fitowa a cathode. Wannan an magana a cikin saturation current.

Duk da haka, idan anode yana zama negative a kan cathode, bai zan iya samu elektronon daga ita saboda ba a yawa. Duk da haka, waɗannan elektronon da suka fitowa daga cathode ba zai zama zuwa anode saboda repulsion da ke faruwa daga anode mai negative. Mafi yawan space charge zai zama a kan biyuwa anode da cathode. Saboda haka, waɗannan elektronon da suka fitowa daga cathode zai zama zuwa cathode, kuma bai zan iya samu waɗannan elektronon. Saboda haka, bai zan iya samu kadan a cikin circuit. Saboda haka, vacuum diodes suka iya zama kadan a karamin yawan hanyar tsari mai kyau: daga cathode zuwa anode.

Idan ba a samu tsari a anode, idealce, bai zan iya samu kadan a cikin circuit. Amma, saboda statistical fluctuations a velocity da elektronon, wasu elektronon suka zama zuwa anode. Kadan mai kafin wannan an magana splash current.

V-I Characteristics

V-I characteristics na vacuum diode sun nuna nahawu a kan tsari da aka sa a anode da cathode (V) da kadan da ke zauna a cikin circuit (I). V-I characteristics na vacuum diode sun bayyana a nan.

Size of the space charge depends on how many electrons the cathode emits, which is influenced by the cathode’s temperature and work function. The work function is the minimum energy needed to remove an electron from a metal. Metals with lower work functions need less heat to emit electrons, making them more efficient for this purpose.

This region of the characteristics is called the saturation region, as shown in the figure. The saturation current is independent of the anode voltage and depends only on the cathode temperature.

When no voltage is applied to the anode, there should not be any current in the circuit, but in reality, there is a small current due to statistical fluctuations in the velocity of some electrons. Some electrons are energetic enough to reach the anode even when there is no voltage at the anode. The small current caused by this phenomenon is known as a splash current.

Types of Vacuum Diodes

• Rectifier diode

• Detector diode

• Zener diode

• Varactor diode

• Schottky diode

Applications of Vacuum Diodes

• High-power applications

• High-frequency applications

• High-temperature applications

• Audio applications

Conclusion

Vacuum diode yana cikin abubuwa masu kontrol kadan hanyar elektron da ke fitowa a wurin mai yawa da biyu na shugaban kadan: cathode da anode. Cathode yana zama fili mai yawa wanda ya kasa da mutanen da suka fitowa don zuwa anode. Anode yana zama fili mai yawa wanda ya kasa da elektronon da suka fitowa daga cathode. Vacuum diode yana aiki a cikin prinsipin thermionic emission da kadan yana zauna daga cathode zuwa anode.

An samu vacuum diode a shekarar 1904 ta Sir John Ambrose Fleming, kuma ana sani saboda haka a cikin sunan Fleming valve ko thermionic valve. Su ka yi amfani a cikin electronics na farkon shekarar 20. Vacuum diodes suka tabbataccen don hanyar radio, television, radar, kayan aiki da inganci, hanyoyin telefon na gaba, da komputo analog da hasashen digital. Vacuum diodes suka zama zama da semiconductor diodes a cikin duk amfani, saboda hanyar size mai kafin, power consumption mai kafin, higher reliability, da cost mai kafin. Amma, vacuum diodes suka yi amfani a cikin wasu areas da suka da advantages over solid-state devices, kamar high-power, high-frequency, high-temperature, da audio applications.

Vacuum diodes suka zama zama da different criteria, kamar frequency range, power rating, cathode/filament type, application, specialized parameters, da specialized functions. Wasu misalai na vacuum diode types sun hada rectifier diodes, detector diodes, zener diodes, varactor diodes, da Schottky diodes.

Vacuum diode yana cikin abubuwa masu yiwuwar da tabbataccen wanda ya taimaka wajen tarihi da development na electronics. Yana da muhimmanci a cikin yanzu don wasu amfani da ke buƙaci irin aiki da performance. Vacuum diode yana nuna fahimtaccen da innovation da electronic engineers da scientists suka yi a cikin exploring possibilities da potentials na vacuum tubes.