Me ke so Energy Bands of Silicon?

Me ke kungiyar Energy Bands na Silicon?

Takaitaccen Silicon

Silicon yana nufin semiconductor da sahun bayan cikin wani abu da kuma idan mai shirya, wanda yake da muhimmanci a tattalin electronics.

Silicon yana nufin semiconductor da ya fi kadan electrons mai zurfi daga wani abu amma ya fi kadan zuwa wani idan mai shirya. Wannan alamar daidaike na iya tabbatar da silicon a tattalin electronics. Silicon tana da kungiyoyi biyu na energy bands: conduction band da valence band. Valence band yana fara ne da energy levels da ake samu valence electrons. A faren 0oK temperature, valence band yana kasance da electrons, baki daya ba zama ba.

Conduction band shine band na energy mai kadan da ake samu free electrons, wadanda suka iya haɗa a kan solid. Wadannan free electrons suna da muhimmanci a zama current flow. Energy gap daga conduction band zuwa valence band yana nufin forbidden energy gap. Wannan gap yana sanya wani abu zai iya zama metal, insulator, ko semiconductor.

Gajeruwar forbidden energy gap yana sanya wani solid zai iya zama metal, insulator, ko semiconductor. Metals ba su da gap, insulators suka da gap mai kadan, da kuma semiconductors suka da gap mai tsawon kadan. Silicon yana da forbidden gap ta 1.2 eV a 300 K.

A silicon crystal, covalent bonds suka haka atoms da zaɓe, wanda yake da silicon electrically neutral. Idan electron yake fito daga covalent bond, yana baka hole. Idan temperature yake zama mai kadan, electrons masu kadan suka haɗa zuwa conduction band, wanda yake yi holes masu kadan a valence band.

Energy Band Diagram of Silicon

Energy band diagram of silicon yana nuna energy levels na electrons. A intrinsic silicon, Fermi level yana kasance a tsakiyar energy gap. Doping intrinsic silicon da donor atoms yana iya zama n-type, wanda yake haɗa Fermi level zuwa conduction band. Doping da acceptor atoms yana iya zama p-type, wanda yake haɗa Fermi level zuwa valence band.

Energy Bands Diagram of Intrinsic Silicon

Energy Bands Diagram of Extrinsic Silicon