Zaɓe tashin kashi na da shirya ita ce mai muhimmanci don inganta tsari a cikin hanyoyin sana'o'i, kasuwanci, da kuma gida. Wannan batun ya haɗa da duk'ar masu yawa na zamani, ƙananan abin da ke sauka, da kuma adadin kawo. A nan ne na nuna masu yawan duk'ar don in taimaka mafi girman da mutanen malamai wajen bincike.

Kashi na da shirya (kVA) ya kamata zama da ƙarin da ma'aikantar muhiyi na tushen.
Tsarin Duk'ar:
Ma'aikata Masu Muhiyi (kVA)=Tsarin Abin Da Ke SaukaMasu Yawan Abin Da Ka Samu (kW)×Duk'ar Ma'aikata
Duk'ar Ma'aikata: Tumma 0.6–0.9 ba da damar ƙananan abin da ke sauka.
Limin Daɗi: Zaɓe tashin kashi na da 20–30% na ƙarin don in iya daidaita tushen daga buga.
Bincike da buƙatun tushen don in iya daidaita:
Amfani da ƙananan bayanai masu yawan canza (misali, canza wurare, canza abubuwa).
Misali: Tashin kashi na 500kVA don ma'aikatar 400kVA ya bayyana limin ƙarin da 25%.
Abin Da Ke Sauka Mai Tsari vs. Abin Da Ke Sauka Ba Ta Tsari:
Abin Da Ke Sauka Mai Tsari (resistive/inductive): Tashin kashi na biyu suna da shirya (misali, lantarki, kasa).
Abin Da Ke Sauka Ba Ta Tsari (harmonic-generating):
Amfani da tashin kashi na K-rated (misali, K13/K20) don tushen da ake amfani da VFDs, UPS, ko IT loads.
Bayyana tsarin daɗi kan inrush current don abubuwan da suka yi nasara ta mota.
Primary Voltage: Amfani da grid supply (misali, 11kV, 33kV).
Secondary Voltage: Amfani da ma'aikataccen tushen (misali, 400V, 480V).
Tap Changers: Mai yawa don ±5% voltage regulation a cikin tushen da suka samu ƙarin.
| Na'am | Yawan Tsari | Ƙananan | Ayyuka |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oil-Filled | Yawan tsari masu yawa, kyau a sake soja | Riskin hoton, mai yin daɗi | Substations ta arewa |
| Dry-Type | Sune hoton, mai yin daɗi | Yawan tsari ƙarin | Hospitals, data centers |
| Amorphous Core | 70% ƙarin no-load losses | Cost ƙarin daɗi | Facilities na yawan tsari |
No-Load Losses (core losses): Tsari, ba da alama ga ma'aikata.
Load Losses (copper losses): Ya ƙarin da kudaden.
Compliance Standards:
DOE 2016 (US), IS 1180 (India), ko EU Tier 3 don yawan tsari na ƙarin.
Outdoor Installations:
IP55+ enclosure rating don dust/rain resistance.
C2/C3 corrosion protection don areas ta kogin.
Indoor/Confined Spaces:
Dry-type transformers mandatory for fire safety (e.g., NFPA 99 compliance).
| Yadda Ake Sai | Na'am Tashin Kashi | Ayyuka |
|---|---|---|
| ONAN (Oil-Natural) | Oil-Filled | Installations na ƙarin daɗi |
| ONAF (Oil-Forced) | Oil-Filled | High-load substations |
| AF (Air-Forced) | Dry-Type | Sites na ƙarin daɗi |
Dalilin Da Ɗaya:
Buchholz relays (oil-filled) don gas-detection faults.
IP2X touch-proof barriers don public access areas.
Thermal sensors don overload prevention.
Standards Compliance: IEC 60076, IS 2026, or IEEE C57.12.00.
Optimal transformer selection balances technical specifications, environmental adaptability, and lifecycle economics. By integrating these criteria—from load analytics to safety protocols—engineers can deploy transformers that deliver reliability, efficiency, and scalability. For complex projects, collaborate with certified manufacturers (e.g., ABB, Siemens) to validate design assumptions and leverage digital sizing tools.