Darsar Paramaitaccen Kafuwarta: Me Duka da Yadda Ake Siffa Su

Muhimman S Parametere Su?

S-parametere, wanda ake kira scattering ko S-matrix parametere, su nufin yadda enegiya RF ta gama da shiga cikin tashar multi-port. Wadannan su nuna abubuwan da za su iya zama na birnin RF electronic components da ke bayyana yadda enegiya ta gama da shiga cikin tashar electric.

Matricin S-parameter tafi yawan gain, loss, impedance, phase group delay, da VSWR. Ana amfani da S-parameters don nuna tashar mafi yawa da sabon “black box” da ya ba da tabbacin yadda signal ya faru cikin wannan tasha. Black box yana iya da muhimman abubuwa daban-daban, kamar resistor, transmission line, ko integrated circuit.

A nan da aka magana game da S-parameters, sunan “scattering” yana nufin yadda currents da voltages suka sauka suka gama da shiga cikin tashar transmission line suka canzawa ne lokacin da suka samu discontinuity wanda an yi da sabbin tashar network a cikin tashar transmission line.

S parameters ana amfani da su da kyau a cikin electrical, electronic, da communication systems engineering don nuna abubuwan electric characteristics na linear electrical networks, musamman wadanda suke yi a frequency mafi yawa da ke sa input signals masu small amplitudes.

S-parameters zai iya amfani a bata frequency, amma ana amfani da su da kyau a cikin tashar radio frequency (RF) da microwave saboda signal power da energy considerations suke fi karatu daidai da currents da voltages. Amfani da S-parameters zai iya bar da frequency information, sannan characteristic impedance ko system impedance saboda S-parameters su ke dependent da frequency.

Tasha ko circuit tana haɗa da muhimman electrical components kamar resistors, inductors, da capacitors. Port ko koyar terminal da ake amfani da ita don signal ya zama mai tsabta ko ya fito daga tasha.

Electrical network, ko “black box,” wanda ake nuna da S parameters zai iya da muhimman port N, kamar yadda ake nuna a Figure 1. Ports su ne points inda electrical currents suka zama mai tsabta ko ya fito daga tasha. Yanzu haka ana kiran su da “terminals”.

Maimakon Da S-Parameters Su Nuna?

S-parameters su ne complex numbers (numbers da real da imaginary parts) wadanda zai iya amfani da su directly ko a matrix don nuna amplitude da/ko phase da reflection ko transmission characteristics a frequency domain.

Idan complex time-varying signal ta fito daga linear network, amplitude da phase shifts zai iya canza time-domain waveform daidai. Saboda haka, amplitude da phase information a frequency domain su ne muhimmiyar. S-parameters su ne parameter wanda ke da biyu-biyu wa information da ke da muhimmin advantages for the characterization of high-frequency devices.

Idan ake bayyana set of S-parameters, wannan bayanan ma'adinai zai bukata:

• Frequency

• Nominal characteristic impedance (kadan 50 Ω)

• Allocation of port numbers

• Conditions which may affect the network, such as temperature, control voltage, and bias current, where applicable

The Specifics of S-Parameters

According to the S-parameter approach, an electrical network is a “black box” that contains a variety of interconnected basic electrical circuit components, including resistors, capacitors, inductors, and transistors, and that communicates with other circuits via ports.

The S-parameter matrix, which can be used to determine the network’s response to signals applied to the ports, is a square matrix of complex numbers that serves as a characteristic of the network. An electrical network described by S-parameters may have a number of ports.

S parameters offer a versatile means of expressing various electrical attributes of networks or components, including parameters like gain, return loss, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), network stability, and reflection coefficient.

Source: Electrical4u.

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