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Mai shi ne Voltage?

Voltage (ko da ake kira electric potential difference, electromotive force emf, electric pressure, ko electric tension) yana nufin electric potential difference per unit charge bayan biyu na points a electric field. Voltage tana nuna mathematically (i.e. a formulas) da symbol “V” ko “E”.

Idan kana son bayani mai kyau don in fada me voltage shine, za a duba zuwa this section of the article.

Duk da haka, zan iya ci gaba da definition mai formal ta voltage.

A static electric field, abin da ya kamata don in yi harwarsa per unit of charge bayan biyu na points shine voltage. Mathematically, voltage tana nuna cewa,

$\begin{align*} Voltage = \frac{Work\,\,Done\ (W)}{Charge\ (Q)} \end{align*}$

Idan abin da ake yi shi ne joules da charge shi ne coulombs.

$\begin{align*} Thus, Voltage = \frac{joule}{coulomb} \end{align*}$

A muka tsakanin biyu a cikin kabilu, za a iya bayyana hanyar da ta shahara da zama na gaba-gaban ruwa mai yawa.

Wani wurin ya fi shahara da zama na gaba-gaban ruwa mai yawa, wanda bata suna da zama na gaba-gaban ruwa mai yau. Differencen da ke faruwa a kan shaharan da ke gaba-gaban ruwa mai yawa da shaharan da ke gaba-gaban ruwa mai yau sunan da ita hanyar da shi ko differencen da ke faruwa a kan shaharan.

Hanyar da shi ko differencen da ke faruwa a kan shaharan tana ba jirgin electrons da za su haɗa a cikin kabilu.

Idan hanyar da shi ya fi yawa, wannan ya fi yawa da jirgin electrons da za su haɗa a cikin kabilu. Idan babu hanyar da shi ko differencen da ke faruwa a kan shaharan, electrons suna haɗa daga ƙarin a cikin rukunin da ba da shawararru.

Hanyar da shi tana da sunan da aka amfani da ita wadanda ake magana game da “electric tension”. Misali, hanyar da shi da aka amfani da ita a kan kabilu kamar 1 kV, 11 kV, da 33 kV sunan da ake amfani da su a kan low tension, high tension, da super tension kabilu har zuwa.

Bayyana Hanyar da Shi a Cikin Zaman Lafiya na Electric Field

Kamar yadda aka bayyana, hanyar da shi tana da takardun da ke faruwa a kan shaharan per unit charge a cikin biyu a cikin electric field. Yana iya bayyana wannan tun daga tushen.

Za a duba biyu masu wurare A da B.

Shaharan da ke faruwa a kan wurin A da B tana da takardun da ke faruwa a kan shaharan per unit charge a cikin biyu a cikin electric field E.

Mathematically, this can be expressed as,

$\begin{align*} V_A_B = \frac{W}{Q} = -\int_B^A E^- * dl^-\end{align*}$

Wannan tana da shaharan da ke faruwa a kan wurin A da B a cikin wurin B da take da shahara. Yana iya bayyana shi a cikin tushen,

$\begin{align*} V_A_B = V_A - V_B \end{align*}$

Akwai wani abin da yake da shawarar a fahimtar ta zan iya samun cikakken bayanin volts.

Saboda haka, za a yi amfani da tushen kan abubuwa mai sauƙi – wani abu a duniya – don in ba da shawarar da yake da fahimta volts.

Fahimta Volts Da Amfani Da Tushen Kan Abubuwa

"Tushen kan hydraulic" yana da amfani a gaba da bayanin volts.

A nan tushen kan hydraulic:

Volts ko electric potential ya fi inganci da pressure na ruwan hydraulic
Electric current ya fi inganci da rate na flow na ruwan hydraulic
Charge na electric ya fi inganci da quantity na ruwa
An electrical conductor ya fi inganci da pipe

Tushen 1

Za ka duba tanki na ruwa kamar yadda aka baka a wannan takarda. Takarda (a) ana nuna biyu tanki suka dole da level na ruwa sama. Saboda haka, ba zan iya flow ruwa daga tanki zuwa tanki na biyu saboda ba da pressure difference ba.

A nan, Wani (b) ta nuna biyu na baske da mutanen ruwa daban-daban. Saboda haka, yana da kyau a ladan kalmomin baske biyu. Don haka, za a ci ruwa daga wani baske zuwa wasu har zuwa lokacin da mutanen ruwa a biyu na baske suka shafi.

Duk da cewa, idan an sanya biyu na battalai da tasiri mai yawa mafi yawan tsari maka tsaftaci suka zama lafiya daga wani battali zuwa wasu har zuwa lokacin da tsari a biyu na battalai suka shafi.

Misali 2

Fara da baske da aka gaba a matsayin yadda daidai a kan jamiyar.

Kyau a kan gida na hawsar da ya kusa da baske ita ce ma a yi wa tsari ko kyau a kan hanyar kula da kula. Ruwa a kan baske ita ce ma a yi wa adadin tsaftaci. Idan an sanya adadin ruwa a kan baske maka kyau a kan gida na hawsar da ya kusa da baske ita za a zama mafi yawa.

Na'amna, idan an kawo wadanda ruwa daga baske maka kyau a kan gida na hawsar da ya kusa da baske ita za a zama mafi yawa. Zan iya fara da baske ta hanyar battalai. Idan tsari a kan battalai ya koma maka tsohuwar tsohon rabi suka zama mafi yawa.

Misali 3

Bincika cewa ina iya yi aiki da tsari ko kyau a kan hanyar kula da kula. Hanyar kula da kula tana nufin a kan takarda da ke bayyana a kan karshen.

Kamar yadda ake bayyana a kan hanyar kula da ruwa, ruwa tana ci hawayar da aka gaba da pumpi masanin. Hawayar tana nufin hawayar da ake gaba da kula a kan hanyar kula da kula.

Idan pumpi masanin tana faɗa kyau a kan biyu na wurare, maka ruwa da aka gaba da kyau za a iya yi aiki, kamar yadda ake gaba da turbine.

Na'amna, a kan hanyar kula da kula, kyau a kan battalai tana iya faɗa tsaftaci a kan hawayar da ake gaba da kula, don haka, tsaftaci da aka gaba da kula tana iya yi aiki, kamar yadda ake gaba da tsohuwar tsohon rabi.

Me Tsari Yana Kiyaye Da (Yankunan Tsari)?

Yankin Tsari a SI

Zaɓuɓɓuka na SI da ake amfani da shi don jin volts shine volts. Wannan an sanya ta da V. Volt ita ce zaɓuɓɓukan SI na voltage. Alessandro Volta (1745-1827), wanda ya gina voltaic pile, wanda ya zama batarya na farko na elektrik, saboda haka, zaɓuɓɓukan volt ana kira a cikin sunan.

Volt a Zaɓuɓɓukan SI

Volt yana nufin farkon tsari mai kyau a bayanan biyu a wurare elektriki wanda ya haɗa waɗanda suka shiga da joule tsohuwa a kan coulomb na shiga. Daga ma'ana masu lissafi, zai iya rubuta shi haka,

$\begin{align*} 1\,\,Volt = \frac{potential \ energy} {chrage} = \frac{1\,\, joule}{1\,\,coulomb} = \frac{kg\,\, m^2}{A\,\,s^3} \end{align*}$

Saboda haka, volt zai iya rubuta a cikin zaɓuɓɓukan SI na farko haka $\frac{kg\,\,m^2}{A\,\,s^3}$ ko $kg\,\,m^2\,\,s^-^3\,\,A^-^1$ .

Yana iya kula a cikin watts per ampere ko ampere times ohms.

Formular da ake Amfani da shi Don Jin Voltage

Ilimin da ke nuna fomula na voltage a yau anasa figuran da takaita.

Fomula na Voltage 1 (Gaskiya ta Ohm)

A cikin gaskiya ta Ohm, zan iya kira voltage kamar haka,

$\begin{align*} Voltage = Current * Resistance \end{align*}$

$\begin{align*} V = I * R \end{align*}$

Ubbin Gini 1

Kamar daɗi a cikin kabilu, na gira mai 4 A ta shiga resistance na 15 Ω. Tabbatar da voltage drop a cikin kabilu.

Jawabu:

Bayanai: $I = 4\,\,A$ , $R=15\,\,\Omega$

Daga tushen Ohm,

$\begin{align*} & V = I * R \\ & = 4 * 15 \\ & V = 60\,\,Volts \end{align*}$

Sannan, daga amfani da tushen, muka samu voltage drop a cikin kabilu na 60 volts.

Voltage Formula 2 (Power And Current)

Na gaba-gaban da power ita ce marubuta supply voltage da electric current.

$\begin{align*} P = V * I \end{align*}$

A halin da, $I=\frac{V}{R}$ a kan wannan halar da muke, za su iya samun,

(1) $\begin{equation*} P = V * I = \frac{V^2}{R} \end{equation*}$

Saboda haka, muka samu mai yawa da take kawo power ta divide da current. Daga matsayin aljebra,

$\begin{align*} V = \frac{P}{I} \,\,Volts \end{align*}$

Misalai 2

Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin circuit tana, wanda ya shiga lamp na 48 W shine 2 A. Bayyana voltage na supply.

Gaba:

Bayanin da aka bayar: $I = 2\,\,A$ , $P = 48 \,\,W$

Daga cikin hanyar da aka bayar a nan bayan fassara, kashi da kuma amfani,

$\begin{align*} & V = \frac{P}{I} \\ & = \frac{48}{2} \\ & V = 24 \,\,Volts \end{align*}$

Saboda haka, tare da hanyar zan iya samun fasara na 24 volts.

Fassara 3 (Kashi da Nauyin Kashi)

Daga cikin hanyar (1), Fassara shi ne karamin kashi da nauyin kashi. Tushen:

$\begin{align*} V = \sqrt{P*R} \end{align*}$

Misali 3

A cikin zabe da aka bayar, fahimta kake so hanyoyi da za su iya gina mutanen shiga ɗaya da inganci 5 W da ƙarin amfani 2 Ω.

Jawabi:

Bayanan da aka bayar: $P = 5 \,\, W$ , $R = 2 \,\, \Omega$

Daga wannan rumun da aka bayar,

$\begin{align*} & V = \sqrt{P*R} \\ & = \sqrt{5*2} \\ & = \sqrt{10} \\ & V = 3.16 \,\,Volts \end{align*}$

Saboda haka, daga wannan rumun an samu hanyoyi da ya kamata don gina mutanen shiga ɗaya da inganci 5 W da ƙarin amfani 2Ω 3.16 Volts.

Alama na Kirkiro Tsari (AC Da DC)

Alama na Tsari AC

Alama na tsari AC (kirkiro yau da kusa) ana nuna a cikin:

企业微信截图_17098668569432.png — Alama na Tsari AC

Alama na Tsari DC

Alama na tsari DC (kirkiro yau ba da kusa) ana nuna a cikin:

Tsarin Tsari

Tsari (V) shi ne alaka na zafiya na karkarazafiya zuwa karamin adadin kirkiro.

Tsarin tsari zai iya bayyana a kan mass (M), girma (L), lokaci (T), da amper (A) kamar yadda ake bayyana ta: $M L^2 T^-^3 A^-^1$ .

$\begin{align*} V = \frac{W}{Q} = \frac{M L^2 T^-^2}{A T} = M L^2 T^-^3 A^-^1 \end{align*}$

Koy da ake amfani da I a matsayin A don nufin karamin hanyar. A wannan lokacin, za a iya siffar tsarin gaba daidai a cikin $M L^2 T^-^3 I^-^1$ .

Yadda ake Siffar Gaba

A cikin wurare da wuraren elektronika, siffar gaba shi ne abubuwa mai muhimmanci wanda ake bukatar ake siffar. A zan iya siffar gaban bayan wurin da ke da shi ko bayan wurin da ke da zero-volt a wurare.

A cikin wurare na 3-phase, idan ake siffar gaban bayan phase mafi danga daga 3-phase da wurin da ke da neutral point, yana nufin line-to-ground voltage.

Duk da haka, idan ake siffar gaban bayan labar phase daga 3-phase, yana nufin line-to-line voltage.

An fi siffar gaba da kayan aiki da suka. Ba ni a tattaunawa har method.

Yadda ake Amfani da Voltmeter

Gaba bayan labar wurin a cikin system zan iya siffar ta a taka amfani da voltmeter. Idan ake son siffar gaba, an bukata ake kara voltmeter a cikin parallel da component wanda ake son siffar gaban.

Zan iya kara lead mafi danga na voltmeter zuwa wurin mafi danga da lead mafi biyu zuwa wurin mafi biyu. Koy da ake magana, ba ake bukata ake kara voltmeter a cikin series ba.

Yana da kyau a yi amfani da voltmetar don bincike tsarin karamin shi ko sumun tsari a kan mafi girma a kan wurin.

Voltmetar na analog ita ce ake yi amfani da ita wajen bincike karamin shi a kan tashin da ba suka tabbata. Idan a bayyana da hukumomin Ohm, zan iya cewa karamin shi a kan tashi ya dace da tsari ko farkon tsari a kan tashin da ba suka tabbata. Saboda haka, za a iya neman tsari mai ba su gano.

Wannan shine misali na biyu game da yadda ake yi amfani da voltmetar don bincike tsari a kan batiri na 9 V:

Tushen Multi-meter

A lokacin da ya zo, tushen da ake amfani da ita wajen bincike tsari shine multi-meter. Multi-meter ya kamata a yi da analog ko digital, amma multi-meters digitals suna fi amfani da su saboda sahihiyar masu yawan da takardukan.

Zan iya bincika tsari ko farkon tsari a kan abubuwa da ta dace da tsari ta kasa a kan biyu da ke tsari a kan hakan. Wannan shine misali game da yadda ake yi bincike tsari a kan batiri da multi-meter.

Multimeter for Voltage Measurement — Tushen Multi-meter Don Bincike Tsari A Kan Batiri

Tushen Potensiometar

Potensiometar ita ce ake yi amfani da ita wajen bincike tsari ta hanyar tushen null balance. Ana yi bincike tsari ta hanyar tsaftace tsari mai ba su gano da tsari mai sani.

Abubuwan da suka amfani da su waɗanda suke amfani da su don bincike tsari sun hada da oscilloscope, voltmetar na electrostatic.

Yadda Takaice da Tsawo (Tsawo da Tsawon Karamin Kirki)

Yadda mafi takaice a tsawo da karamin kirki shine cewa tsawo shi ne takaicen karamin kirki a fagen hukuma a tsawonsa, sannan karamin kirki shi ne yawan karamin kirki daga fagen zuwa fagen baki a tsawonsa.

A zan iya cewa tsawo shi ne sababin karamin kirki ta haɗa, sannan karamin kirki shi ne abubuwan tsawo.

Idan tsawon karamin kirki ya fi yawa, karamin kirkin ya haɗa a fagen zuwa fagen baki. Amsa cewa idan fagen zuwa fagen baki a cikin tsawon karamin kirki suka fi yauwa, ba za a haɗa karamin kirki a fagen-fagen baki. Yadda tsawo da karamin kirki suka fi yawa suna neman da suke (kamar hukumar Ohm).

Wasu takaice da suka fito a kan tsawo da karamin kirki ana bayyana a cikin tabbacin da na bi.

Voltage\ (V)=\frac{Work\ done\ (W)}{Charge\ (Q)} — Fark Da Votaji da Karamin Nuna

Current\ (I)=\frac{Charge\ (Q)}{time\ (t)} — Fark Da Votaji da Karamin Nuna

Fark Da Votaji da Karamin Nuna (Votaji vs Karamin Nuna)

Babu farka da dama a nan votaji da karamin nuna. Amma zan iya bayyana farkoda a nan haka:

Votaji shine mafi girman energy wadanda ake bukata don kuɗi abubuwa a kan biyu, amma karamin nuna shine farko da ake cikakken muhimmiyar adadin da ake taka da ita a kan biyu.

Saboda abu mai tsarki:

Votaji shine karamin nuna da ake samun a kan abu saboda abu mai tsarki a kan infiniki. Amma karamin nuna shine farko da ake cikakken muhimmiyar adadin da ake taka da ita a kan biyu na musamman. Amsarautan zuwa mathematika, za su iya bayyana haka:

$\begin{align*} Potential = V = \frac{Q}{4 \pi \epsilon_0 R} \end{align}$

$\begin{align*} Potential \,\, Difference= V_1_2 = \frac{Q}{4 \pi \epsilon_0}(\frac{1}{R_1} - \frac{1}{R_2}) \end{align}$

Idan kana son bayani a cikin video game da votaji, duba hakan:

Me Ke Nuna Na Votajin Yawanci?

Nuna na votajin yawanci shine level ko rating na votaji na yankin yanayin ko zarurfi.

A cikin haka na nufin jerin zabe-zaben kashi da ake amfani da su a wurare masu shiga ruwa ko kuma ayyuka.

Batutu mai sidda a yi a makaranta: 12 Volts DC. Batuta ta 12 V tana da 6 batutu, kamar yadda ake nuna, har zuwa 2.1 V. Bayan ake haɗa batutun a matsayin sauran don yaɗa tsarin kashi.
Batutu mai rarraba: Tana bi da kashi da 0.5 Volts DC a lokacin da ba ake magance ba. Amma, an haɗa batutun da dama a matsayin batutuwar rarraba, wanda ke iya bari kashi mai karfi.
USB: 5 Volts DC.
Lokaci da ake bayar kashi mai yawa: 110 kV zuwa 1200 kV AC.
Lokaci da ake bayar kashi a gasar da yan gida (kashi): 12 kV da 50 kV AC ko 0.75 kV da 3 kV DC.
TTL/CMOS mai yin kashi: 5 Volts.
Batuta mai sidda da take da ɗaya batuta mai sidda mai sidda: 1.2 Volts.
Batutu mai sidda da ake amfani da su a lalace: 1.5 Volts DC.

Kashi da ake bayar a kan abubuwan masu shiga ruwa a kasashen:

100 V, 1-phase AC a Japan
120 V, 1-phase AC a America
230 V, 1-phase AC a India, Australia

Kashi da ake bayar a kan abubuwan masu shiga ruwa a kasashen:

200 V, 3-phase AC a Japan
480 V, 3-phase AC a America
415 V, 3-phase AC a India

Amfani da Kashi

Duk da amfani da kashi sun hada da:

Wannan shine mafi amfani da kashi wanda ake amfani da ita don tabbatar da kashi da ake gaji a kan wurare masu shiga ruwa ko kuma ayyuka kamar sabbin kashi.
An buƙata kashi don yaɗa tsarin kashi. Saboda haka, ana haɗa batutun a matsayin sauran don yaɗa tsarin kashi.
Voltage ita ce mai karfi na kayan aiki da kuma kayan abincin elektronika. Daga cikin voltages mafi yawa (5 V) zuwa voltages mafi yawa (415 V) ana amfani a matsayin kayan aiki a wurare da dama.
Low voltage ana amfani a matsayin kayan aiki don kayan abincin elektronika da kuma kayan aiki na kontrollo.
High voltage ana amfani

Electrostatic printing, Electrostatic painting, Electrostatic coating of material
Cosmology study of space
Electrostatic precipitator (air pollution control)
Jet propulsion laboratory
X-Ray tubes
High-power amplifier vacuum tubes
Mass spectroscopy
Dielectric testing
Food and beverage testing
Electro spraying and spinning applications, electrophotography
Plasma-based application
Level sensing
Induction heating
Flash lamps
SONAR
For testing electrical equipment

Source: Electrical4u

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Voltage	Current
The voltage is the difference in potential between two points in an electric field.	The current is the flow of charges between two points in an electric field.
The symbol of the current is I.	The SI unit of current is ampere or amp.
The symbol of voltage is V or ΔV or E.	The symbol of current is I.
Voltage can be measured by using a voltmeter.	Current can be measured by using an ammeter.
$Voltage\ (V)=\frac{Work\ done\ (W)}{Charge\ (Q)}$	$Current\ (I)=\frac{Charge\ (Q)}{time\ (t)}$
$1\ Volt=\frac{1\ joule}{1\ coulomb}$	$1\ Ampere=\frac{1\ coulomb}{(1\ second)}$
In a parallel circuit, the magnitude of voltage remains the same.	In a series circuit, the magnitude of the current remains the same.
The voltage creates a magnetic field around it.	The current creates an electrostatic field around it.
Dimensions of voltage is $ML^2 T^-^3 A^-^1$	Dimensions of current is $MLTA^1$
In the hydraulic analogy, electric potential or voltage is equivalent to hydraulic water pressure.	In the hydraulic analogy, electric current is equivalent to hydraulic water flow rate.
The voltage is the cause of the current flowing in the circuit.	An electric current is the effect of a voltage.