Kaidi Don Lakar Faduwa: Gidajen Da Duk Farko

Kapasitor ita ce aiki mai kula da shiga elektrik kuma zan iya fitar da shi idan an bukata. Kapasitoci suna amfani da su a cikin wurare da tarihin elektrik da elektroniki, kamar wadanda a cikin tashar jiki da tafiyar hawa, tashar nuna, radios, da komputawa. Kapasitoci na iya don samun inganci, adadin kasa, da kuma abubuwa, amma dukana suna da biyar masu magana mai zurfi da za'a haɗa da wurin.

Duk da haka, kapasitoci suna iya gama ko yin daɗe game da lokacin, wanda ke taimakawa da aiki na wurin. Saboda haka, ya kamata a sanin da ya fi shahara don bayyana shaida da aiki na kapasitori. A wannan labarin, za a bayyana hanyoyi daban-daban don bayyana kapasitori ta hanyar multimeter ko voltmeter. Za a bayyana kuma wasu hanyoyi da muhimmanci masu al'amuran bayyana kapasitoci.

Me ke Kapasitori?

Kapasitori ita ce aiki mai kula da shiga elektrik a kan electric field. Kapasitori na iya gudanar da biyar masu magana mai zurfi da za'a haɗa da wurin, kamar aluminium, foil, ko abubuwan da sauransu, saboda daya ake haɗa da abubuwa mai karfi da ake kira dielectric. Dielectric na iya kasance hawa, kaya, ceramic, plastic, ko abubuwan da sauransu.

Idan a yi haɗa a kan voltage a kan masu magana mai zurfi da kapasitori, kashi da rike masu tsawon zuwa masu magana, kuma ake bincika electric field a kan. Adadin kashi da kapasitori zan iya kula da shi ya ƙunshi voltage da ake haɗa, adadin kasa da shape da masu magana, da kuma abubuwan da thickness da dielectric. Unit of capacitance ita ce farad (F), wanda ya ƙunshi one coulomb of charge per volt of voltage.

Kapasitoci suna da al'adun daban-daban a cikin wurare da tarihin elektrik da elektroniki. Suna iya amfani da su don:

• Smooth out voltage fluctuations in power supplies

• Filter out unwanted frequencies in signal processing

• Store energy for short-term use in flashlights or cameras

• Block direct current (DC) and allow alternating current (AC) to pass in coupling circuits

• Tune radio frequencies in oscillators or receivers

• Store data in memory devices

Me ke Bayyana Kapasitori Ta Hanyar Multimeter

Multimeter ita ce aiki mai ban sha'awa wanda zan iya maimaita al'adun daban-daban na tarihi elektrik, kamar voltage, current, resistance, da capacitance. Multimeter na iya kasance analog ko digital, amma digital multimeters na daɗi mafi girma da mafi ƙarfin yawanci a yanzu.

Don bayyana kapasitori ta hanyar multimeter, zaka iya tabbatar da hanyoyi:

1. Disconnect the capacitor from the circuit. Before testing a capacitor, you need to make sure that it is not connected to any power source or other components in the circuit. This will prevent any damage to the multimeter or the capacitor.

2. Discharge the capacitor. Capacitors can retain a charge even after being disconnected from the circuit. This can pose a risk of electric shock or damage to the multimeter. To discharge a capacitor safely, you can use a resistor or a screwdriver to short its terminals for a few seconds. You can also use an alligator clip or a jumper wire to connect its terminals to each other.

3. Read the capacitance value on the capacitor. Most capacitors have their capacitance value printed on their body or label. The value may be expressed in farads (F), microfarads (µF), nanofarads (nF), or picofarads (pF). You may also see some letters or numbers that indicate the tolerance, voltage rating, temperature coefficient, or manufacturer code of the capacitor.

4. Set your multimeter to its capacitance setting. Some multimeters have a dedicated capacitance setting that can measure capacitance directly. This setting may be marked with the letter C or a symbol that looks like two parallel lines with a curved line between them. If your multimeter has this setting, you can use it to test your capacitor easily.

5. Connect the multimeter leads to the capacitor terminals. Connect the positive (red) multimeter lead to the positive (longer) terminal of the capacitor and the negative (black) lead to the negative (shorter) terminal of the capacitor. The polarity matters for polarized capacitors, such as electrolytic capacitors, but not for non-polarized capacitors, such as ceramic capacitors.

6. Check the multimeter reading. If your multimeter can measure capacitance, it will display the capacitance value of the capacitor on its screen. If the value is close to the value printed on the capacitor, within the tolerance range, then the capacitor is good. If the value is significantly lower than the value printed on the capacitor, or zero, then the capacitor is bad.

Me ke Bayyana Kapasitori Ta Hanyar Resistance

Idan multimeterka ba da setting ta capacitance, zaka iya bayyana kapasitori ta hanyar resistance. Resistance ita ce aiki mai kula da shiga elektrik. Kapasitori na iya don shiga elektrik a kan lokacin, amma a lokacin da ya kula da shi, resistance yake ci gaba har zuwa infinity. Wannan na nufin cewa kapasitori na iya don haɗa da shiga elektrik a lokacin da ya ba kula da shi, da kuma doke shiga elektrik a lokacin da ya kula da shi.

Don bayyana kapasitori ta hanyar resistance, zaka iya tabbatar da hanyoyi:

1. Disconnect the capacitor from the circuit. As before, you need to make sure that the capacitor is not connected to any power source or other components in the circuit.

2. Discharge the capacitor. As before, you need to safely discharge the capacitor by shorting its terminals with a resistor, a screwdriver, an alligator clip, or a jumper wire.

3. Set your multimeter to its resistance setting. This setting may be marked with the word “OHM” (the unit for resistance) or the Greek letter omega (Ω), the abbreviation for ohm. If your multimeter has an adjustable resistance range, set the range to 1000 ohm = 1K or higher.

4. Sada