Tambayar da Masana'antu da Nau'in Hadin Kafi na Ayyuka ta Iyakokin Kirkiro
Kukaɗa da Kategorizan Aiki na Ƙananan Jirgin Samun Kirkiya
Aka fi samu kukaɗa da dama na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya. Duk da cewa an yi amfani da su, sun haɗa da masana biyu, masana mai yawan tsohuwa, masana mai yawan tsohuwa, masana mai yawan tsohuwa, masana mai yawan tsohuwa na Turai, da masana mai yawan tsohuwa na Amurika.
Kukaɗantar da Yawancin Aiki na Ƙananan Jirgin Samun Kirkiya
Kukaɗantar da yake da shi a Najeriya na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya sun hada da: kukaɗar gwamnati GB/T 17467 - 1998 High - voltage/Low - voltage Prefabricated Substations, kukaɗar takalmi JB/T 10217 - 2000 Combined Transformers, da kukaɗar takalmi na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya DL/T 537 - 2002 Selection Guidelines for High - voltage/Low - voltage Prefabricated Box - type Substations.
A shekarar 1995, Komisar Hausa na Iliminta (IEC) ta fitar da kukaɗar IEC1330 - 1995 High - voltage/Low - voltage Prefabricated Substations. Kukaɗar gwamnati GB/T 17467 - 1998 High - voltage/Low - voltage Prefabricated Substations taɗa da kukaɗar IEC1330. A nan, masana mai yawan tsohuwa ta bayyana ne "karkashin da ya fara aiki a tsarin test, wanda ake amfani da shi don ina ba shiga mai yawa na tsakiyar jirgin sama zuwa tsakiyar jirgin hikima. Ya ƙunshi masana mai yawan tsohuwa, masana mai yawan tsohuwa, kayan abincin, da kuma abubuwa masu amfani a tsari".
Kukaɗar takalmi JB/T 10217 - 2000 Combined Transformers ta bayyana cewa kukaɗar masana mai yawan tsohuwa taɗa da: "masana mai yawan tsohuwa wanda ya ƙunshi jikin masana, masana mai yawan tsohuwa, kayan abincin, masana mai yawan tsohuwa, da kuma abubuwan da za su iya amfani da su a cikin tsari".
Kukaɗar takalmi na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya DL/T 537 - 2002 Selection Guidelines for High - voltage/Low - voltage Prefabricated Box - type Substations ta sauye da kukaɗar DL/T 537 - 1993 Technical Conditions for Ordering 6 - 35kV Box - type Substations, ta haka ta ƙara da kukaɗar IEC 1330 - 1995. Mafi girman bayanai game da DL/T 537 - 2002 da IEC 1330 - 1995 (ko da yaɗa GB/T 17467 - 1998) ana nufin a cikin Tabel 1.
Waɗannan uku kukaɗar na gwamnati sun haɗa da kukaɗar da aka sanya. Saboda yanayi da dama da take da al'adu, kukaɗar tana da muhimmanci da ke kusa. Kukaɗar takalmi na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya taɗa da matsalolin da ake bukata su a cikin kukaɗar dunia, ta kuma yana ƙara da bayanai da aka bayyana a cikin Tabel 1, ta haka ya ƙara da yanayi masu kyau don ina zabi abubuwa.
Kategorizan Ƙananan Jirgin Samun Kirkiya
Saboda waɗannan kukaɗo, sunan ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya a cikin amfani na yau da kullum ba ta daidai, ko kuma kategorizan. Sun haɗa da duwatsu: ɗaya ita ce in bayyana masana mai yawan tsohuwa kawai da Turai; miliyan ita ce in karɓe duka ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya a kan masana mai yawan tsohuwa, sannan za ta ƙara da masana mai yawan tsohuwa Turai da Amurika. Wasu masu amfani, don in ba da damar mataimakin da dama, suna da aiki da sunan biyu.
Tattalin Tsari da Analisisi na Aiki
Masana Mai Yawan Tsohuwa Turai
A shekarun 1970, Najeriya ta fara amfani da ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya 6-10kV daga Turai da Alaman. Wannan aiki na gajeruwa ta ƙunshi uku abubuwa masu muhimmanci na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya (masana mai yawan tsohuwa, masana mai yawan tsohuwa, da masana mai yawan tsohuwa) a cikin tsari, ta ƙara da sunan masana mai yawan tsohuwa.
A ranar Disamba 1993, Masarautar Kirkiya ta fitar da kukaɗar takalmi DL/T 537-1993 "Kukaɗar da Take Sanya 6-35kV Masana Mai Yawan Tsohuwa". Littafi 3.1 na kukaɗar ta bayyana cewa: "Kayan abinci mai yawan tsohuwa wanda ake amfani da masana mai yawan tsohuwa, masana mai yawan tsohuwa, masana mai yawan tsohuwa, da kuma kayan abinci masu amfani a cikin tsari ko duk da tare da su, taɗa da masana mai yawan tsohuwa, ma'anar masana mai yawan tsohuwa." A nan, wannan tsari ta ƙara da sunan masana mai yawan tsohuwa Turai.
Bayan fitar da kukaɗar gwamnati GB/T 17467-1998 "High-voltage/Low-voltage Prefabricated Substations" a shekarar 1998, sunan masana mai yawan tsohuwa ta ƙara da "masana mai yawan tsohuwa". Amma, masu amfani da kuma masu amfani su suna daɗi da amfani sunan masana mai yawan tsohuwa Turai a cikin amfani na yau.
Tattalin Tsari:
Masana mai yawan tsohuwa Turai ta ƙunshi uku abubuwa masu aiki:
Tsari mai yawan tsohuwa
Tsari mai yawan tsohuwa
Tsari masana mai yawan tsohuwa
An yi amfani da rubutu biyu:
Rubutu mai yawan tsohuwa: Rubutu na yau
Rubutu mai yawan tsohuwa: An yi amfani da shi don amfani mai yawan tsohuwa
Muhimmanci masu aiki na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya:
Muhimmanci masu aiki na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya:
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da 40-60%
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da 25-35%
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da 15-20%
Muhimmanci masu aiki na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya:
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da 10% na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da 60-70%
Muhimmanci masu aiki na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya:
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da 50-60%
Muhimmanci masu aiki na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya:
Wannan tsari ta ƙara da muhimmanci masu aiki na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya:
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da 8-12°C
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da 3-5% a ƙasa 10°C
An yi amfani da muhimman tsarin:
Tsarin tsarin tsarin:
Tsarin tsarin tsarin
Tsarin tsarin tsarin (da ƙasa 200-400 CFM)
Muhimmanci masu aiki na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya:
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da 20-30%
Abubuwan da za su iya amfani da su (Class H ko da yaɗa)
Wannan tsari ta ƙara da muhimmanci masu aiki na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya:
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da 15-20%
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da 5-8% na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da 3-5 dBA
Amfani da Kayan Abinci:
Masu amfani suna da amfani da kayan abinci:
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da 12-15%
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da 6-8°C
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da ≥800kVA
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da 100K
Wannan tsari ta ƙara da muhimmanci masu aiki na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya:
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da 100%
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da 4-7 dBA
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da 20-25%
Masana Mai Yawan Tsohuwa Amurika (Combined Transformers)
A shekarun 1990, masana mai yawan tsohuwa Amurika ta fara amfani a Najeriya. Da kukaɗar Amurika (ANSI) C57.12.26 - 1992 Standard for Pad - Mounted Compartmentalized Self - Cooled Three - Phase Distribution Transformers with High - Voltage Plug - in Connectors, kayan abinci mai yawan tsohuwa ta ƙunshi kayan abinci masu amfani da kayan abinci, kayan abinci masu amfani, da kuma kayan abinci masu amfani. Tsari masana mai yawan tsohuwa ta ƙunshi kayan abinci masu amfani, da kuma kayan abinci masu amfani. Masana mai yawan tsohuwa ta ƙara da amfani masu amfani, da kuma amfani masu amfani.
Masu amfani masana mai yawan tsohuwa a Najeriya suna da kayan abinci masu amfani da kayan abinci masu amfani a cikin tsari masana mai yawan tsohuwa, ta ƙara da amfani masu amfani. Wannan tsari ta ƙara da sunan masana mai yawan tsohuwa Amurika, ko kuma Combined Transformers. Kukaɗar takalmi JB/T 10217 - 2000 Combined Transformers ta bayyana cewa kukaɗar masana mai yawan tsohuwa (kamar yadda aka bayyana a ƙarfin). A littafin 3.7, ta bayyana cewa "tsari masana mai yawan tsohuwa" taɗa da: "tsari masana mai yawan tsohuwa da kayan abinci masu amfani, da kuma kayan abinci masu amfani a cikin tsari masana mai yawan tsohuwa". Wannan tsari ta ƙara da muhimmanci masu aiki na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya.
Kukaɗar ta ƙara da masana mai yawan tsohuwa (Combined Transformers) a cikin tsari masana mai yawan tsohuwa: ZG, da ZF. A tsari ZG, kayan abinci masu amfani ta ƙunshi tsari masana mai yawan tsohuwa, ta ƙara da kayan abinci masu amfani. A tsari ZF, kayan abinci masu amfani ta ƙunshi tsari masana mai yawan tsohuwa, ta ƙara da kayan abinci masu amfani.
Masana Mai Yawan Tsohuwa ZG
A cikin muhimmanci masu aiki na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya, masana mai yawan tsohuwa ZG ta ƙara da muhimmanci masu aiki:
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da 3/5 na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya Turai.
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da kayan abinci masu amfani, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu. Tsari ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu (da ƙasa 3/5 na ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya Turai).
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da kayan abinci masu amfani, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu.
A cikin ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya, masana mai yawan tsohuwa Amurika ta ƙara da muhimmanci masu aiki:
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da kayan abinci masu amfani, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu.
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da kayan abinci masu amfani, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu.
Yana ƙara da damar mataimakinsu da kayan abinci masu amfani, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu.
Don in ba da damar mataimakinsu, masu amfani suna da amfani da kayan abinci masu amfani. A cikin amfani, masu amfani suna da kayan abinci masu amfani, ta ƙara da kayan abinci masu amfani, ta ƙara da kayan abinci masu amfani. A cikin amfani, masu amfani suna da kayan abinci masu amfani, ta ƙara da kayan abinci masu amfani, ta ƙara da kayan abinci masu amfani.
Masana Mai Yawan Tsohuwa ZF
A cikin ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya, masana mai yawan tsohuwa ZG ta ƙara da muhimmanci masu aiki. Don in ba da damar mataimakinsu, masu amfani suna da amfani da kayan abinci masu amfani. A cikin amfani, masu amfani suna da kayan abinci masu amfani, ta ƙara da kayan abinci masu amfani, ta ƙara da kayan abinci masu amfani. A cikin amfani, masu amfani suna da kayan abinci masu amfani, ta ƙara da kayan abinci masu amfani, ta ƙara da kayan abinci masu amfani.
Amfani da Masana Mai Yawan Tsohuwa Amorphous Alloy
Masana mai yawan tsohuwa ita ce karkashin da ya ƙara da damar mataimakinsu a cikin ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya. Tsari da muhimmanci masu aiki ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu.
A shekarar 1996, Najeriya ta fara amfani da masana mai yawan tsohuwa Amorphous Alloy 500 kVA, amma an yi amfani da shi a lokacin da akwai damar mataimakinsu. A shekarar 1998, Shanghai Xindian Electric Company ta fara amfani da masana mai yawan tsohuwa Amorphous Alloy daga General Electric (GE) a Amurika, ta ƙara da amfani da shi. Yanzu, akwai 20 masu amfani masana mai yawan tsohuwa Amorphous Alloy. Muhimmanci masu aiki na Amorphous Alloy Iron Cores ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu 20% na S9 series, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu.
Kukaɗar ANSI distribution transformer ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu a cikin ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya. Amma, muhimmanci masu aiki na Amorphous Alloy Transformers a cikin ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu. Yanzu, akwai damar mataimakinsu a cikin ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya. A Taiwan, akwai damar mataimakinsu a cikin ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu.
Tambayar a Masana Mai Yawan Tsohuwa Turai da Amurika
A cikin ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya, masana mai yawan tsohuwa Turai da Amurika ta ƙara da muhimmanci masu aiki. A cikin ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya, masana mai yawan tsohuwa Amurika ta ƙara da muhimmanci masu aiki, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu. A cikin ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya, masana mai yawan tsohuwa DXB(W) - 1.10 ta ƙara da kayan abinci masu amfani, ta ƙara da kayan abinci masu amfani, ta ƙara da kayan abinci masu amfani. A cikin ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya, masana mai yawan tsohuwa ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu. Wannan tsari ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu.
Amma, a cikin ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya, masana mai yawan tsohuwa Amurika ta ƙara da muhimmanci masu aiki. A cikin ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya, masana mai yawan tsohuwa Amurika ta ƙara da muhimmanci masu aiki, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu. A cikin ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya, masana mai yawan tsohuwa Amurika ta ƙara da muhimmanci masu aiki, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu.
A cikin ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya, masana mai yawan tsohuwa Turai ta ƙara da muhimmanci masu aiki. A cikin ƙananan jirgin samun kirkiya, masana mai yawan tsohuwa Turai ta ƙara da muhimmanci masu aiki, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu, ta ƙara da damar mataimakinsu, ta ƙara da damar mataimak
