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Moving Iron Instrument

This instrument is one of the most primitive forms of measuring and relay instrument. Moving iron type instruments are of mainly two types. Attraction type and repulsion type instrument. Whenever a piece of iron is placed nearer to a magnet it would be attracted by the magnet. The force of this attr

By Electrical4u 03/27, 2024
Power Systems

Measurement of Resistance

Resistance is one of the most basic elements encountered in electrical and electronics engineering. The value of resistance in engineering varies from very small value like, resistance of a transformer winding, to very high values like, insulation resistance of that same transformer winding. Althoug

By Electrical4u 03/27, 2024
Power Systems

Megger | Working Principle Types History Uses of Megger

History of Megger The device is being used since 1889, popularity raised during 1920s since the long back device is same in its uses and purpose of testing, few real improvements appeared in recent years with its design and quality of tester. Now high-quality options are available which are easy to

By Electrical4u 03/27, 2024
Power Systems

Rectifier Type Instrument | Construction Principle of Operation

Rectifier type instrument measures the alternating voltage and current with the help of rectifying elements and permanent magnet moving coil type of instruments. However the primary function of rectifier type of instruments work as voltmeter. Now one question must arises in our mind why we use recti

By Electrical4u 03/27, 2024
Power Systems

Electrostatic Type Instruments Construction Principle Torque Equation

Working Principle of Electrostatic Type Instruments As the name suggests the electrostatic type instrument use static electrical field to produce the deflecting torque. These types of instrument are generally used for the measurement of high voltages but in some cases they can be used in measuring t

By Electrical4u 03/27, 2024
Power Systems

Permanent Magnet Moving Coil (PMMC) Meter

What is a Permanent Magnet Moving Coil (PMMC)? A Permanent Magnet Moving Coil ( PMMC ) meter – also known as a D’Arsonval meter or galvanometer – is an instrument that allows you to measure the current through a coil by observing the coil’s angular deflection in a uniform magnetic field . A PMMC met

By Electrical4u 03/27, 2024
Power Systems

Errors in Measurement | Classification of Errors

In order to understand the concept of errors in measurement , we should know the two terms that defines the error and these two terms are written below: True Value It is not possible to determine the true value of a quantity by experiment means. True value may be defined as the average value of an i

By Electrical4u 03/27, 2024
Power Systems

Electrical Measuring Instruments | Types Accuracy Precision Resolution Speed

Basically there are three types of measuring instruments and they are Electrical measuring instruments Mechanical measuring instruments. Electronic measuring instruments. Here we are interested in electrical measuring instruments so we will discuss about them in detail. Electrical instruments measur

By Electrical4u 03/27, 2024
Power Systems

Induction Type Meters

The principle of working and construction of induction type meter is very simple and easy to understand that’s why these are widely used in measuring energy in domestic as well as industrial world. In all induction meters we have two fluxes which are produced by two different alternating currents on

By Electrical4u 03/27, 2024
Power Systems

Electromagnetic Relay Working | Types of Electromagnetic Relays

Electromagnetic Relay Electromagnetic relays are those relays which are operated by electromagnetic action. Modern electrical protection relays are mainly micro processor based, but still electromagnetic relay holds its place. It will take much longer time to replace all electromagnetic relays by mi

By Electrical4u 03/26, 2024
Power Systems

Types of Electrical Protection Relays or Protective Relays

Definition of Protective Relay A relay is automatic device which senses an abnormal condition of electrical circuit and closes its contacts. These contacts in turns close and complete the circuit breaker trip coil circuit hence make the circuit breaker tripped for disconnecting the faulty portion of

By Electrical4u 03/26, 2024
Power Systems

Motor Protection Relay for High Voltage Induction Motor

Above 90% of motors used in an industry are induction motors , because they are cheap, robust and easy to maintain. For higher HP ( 250HP) motors we prefer high voltage , because it will reduce operating current and the size of the motor. Why We Require Protection of Motors? To understand this we ne

By Electrical4u 03/26, 2024

Free Expert Guides on Power Systems, Circuit Design & Electrical Troubleshooting

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Moving Iron Instrument

Measurement of Resistance

Megger | Working Principle Types History Uses of Megger

Rectifier Type Instrument | Construction Principle of Operation

Electrostatic Type Instruments Construction Principle Torque Equation

Permanent Magnet Moving Coil (PMMC) Meter

Errors in Measurement | Classification of Errors

Electrical Measuring Instruments | Types Accuracy Precision Resolution Speed

Induction Type Meters

Electromagnetic Relay Working | Types of Electromagnetic Relays

Types of Electrical Protection Relays or Protective Relays

Motor Protection Relay for High Voltage Induction Motor

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