Electrical Engineering Guides

Illumination Engineering

Reflectance, Reflectivity, and the Solar Reflectance Index

What is Reflectance Reflectance is defined as the ratio of the radiant flux reflected from the surface or body of a material (ф r ) to the incident radiant flux (ф i ). Reflectance is denoted by ρ (or p ). The reflectance is a ratio of radiant flux . Therefore, it is unitless. The reflectance varies

By Electrical4u 03/16, 2024
Illumination Engineering

Radiometry: What is it?

What is Radiometry? Radiometry is a technique to measure electromagnetic radiation for any wavelength. Photometry is similar to radiometry, but photometry is related to visible light signals only, while radiometry includes signals of any wavelength – like ultraviolet, infrared, and visible light. Ra

By Electrical4u 03/16, 2024
Illumination Engineering

Fresnel Equations: What are they? (Derivation & Explanation)

What are the Fresnel Equations? The Fresnel Equations (also known as the Fresnel coefficients) are defined as the ratio of the electric field of a reflected and transmitted wave to the electric field of the incident wave. This ratio is complex and hence, it describes relative amplitude as well as ph

By Electrical4u 03/15, 2024
Illumination Engineering

Stroboscopic Motion: What is it?

What is Stroboscopic Motion? Stroboscopic motion (also known as the Stroboscopic Effect) is defined as a visual phenomenon that occurs when continuous rotational motion is represented by a series of short samples (as opposed to a continuous view) at a sampling rate close to the period of the motion.

By Electrical4u 03/15, 2024
Illumination Engineering

Radiant Flux: A Comprehensive Guide

Radiant flux is a term that describes the amount of radiant energy that is emitted, reflected, transmitted, or received by an object per unit of time. Radiant energy is the energy carried by electromagnetic waves, such as light, radio waves, microwaves, infrared, ultraviolet, and X-rays. Radiant flu

By Electrical4u 03/15, 2024
Illumination Engineering

Black Body Radiation: Definition, Characteristics, and Applications

A black body is defined as an idealized object that absorbs all electromagnetic radiation that falls on it and emits radiation with a continuous spectrum that depends only on its temperature. Black body radiation is the thermal radiation emitted by a black body in thermodynamic equilibrium with its

By Electrical4u 03/15, 2024
Illumination Engineering

Photometry: What is it?

Photometry is the science of measuring light in terms of its perceived brightness to the human eye. It is different from radiometry , which measures radiant energy (including light) in terms of absolute power. Photometry only considers the visible range of wavelengths (light) that can stimulate the

By Electrical4u 03/15, 2024
Engineering Materials

Electronic Polarization

As due to influence of external electric field the center of nucleus and center of electrons cloud are separated, there will be an attraction force developed between them according to Coulomb’s law . Say, at the distance of separation of center of nucleus and electron cloud, x, the equilibrium is es

By Electrical4u 03/15, 2024
Engineering Materials

Orientational Polarization

Before discussing Orientational polarization , let us examine the structural details of some molecules. Let us take an oxygen molecule. A single oxygen atom has only 6 electrons on its outermost cell. One oxygen atom creates the double covalent bond with another oxygen atom and creates an oxygen mol

By Electrical4u 03/15, 2024
Engineering Materials

Ionic Polarization

Ionic Polarization Before understanding what ionic polarization let is us observe how a sodium chloride (NaCl) molecule is formed. Sodium chloride (NaCl) molecule is formed by ionic bond between sodium and chlorine atoms. The sodium atom gives up one electron to get eight electrons in its outer most

By Electrical4u 03/15, 2024
Engineering Materials

Mechanism of Polarization

First of all we have to know the definition of polarization before entering into mechanism. Polarization is actually the alignment of the dipole moments of the fixed or induced dipole in the direction of the peripheral electric field . The mechanism of polarization deals with how a molecule or atom

By Electrical4u 03/15, 2024
Engineering Materials

Dielectric Materials: Definition, Properties and Applications

A dielectric material is defined as an electrical insulator that can be polarized by an applied electric field . This means that when a dielectric material is placed in an electric field, it does not allow electric charges to flow through it, but instead, it aligns its internal electric dipoles (pai

By Electrical4u 03/15, 2024

Free Expert Guides on Power Systems, Circuit Design & Electrical Troubleshooting

All

Reflectance, Reflectivity, and the Solar Reflectance Index

Radiometry: What is it?

Fresnel Equations: What are they? (Derivation & Explanation)

Stroboscopic Motion: What is it?

Radiant Flux: A Comprehensive Guide

Black Body Radiation: Definition, Characteristics, and Applications

Photometry: What is it?

Electronic Polarization

Orientational Polarization

Ionic Polarization

Mechanism of Polarization

Dielectric Materials: Definition, Properties and Applications

Recommended Topics