Vîsanîna Têkiliyên Berdî Yekfaseyî yên Daxwazanîn di Tirajên Wesayî de

1. Danûlên Nebezînî yên Operasyonê ya Substation

1.1 Rewşên Transformer

Transformers ji bo pergalên substation yê nîvendî û navberên xirabkirinê ne. Pirantina/rewşên bêtikî her dem pirantina biguherînin, di demekî ku zeyanên derbarî (mîn: kirkiyên tankê ya riyê/bubullan) vêkariya parçeyan dikin, ku riskekirin pêdivîyan derbarî hatine.

1.2 Riskena Bihêra

Bihêrên derbarî ser pergalên dixebitand. Kurrê yên bihêrkirin da kurrê yên electromagnetic ê ya transformer biguherînin, û misoperasyonên circuit breaker bihêra neteweyî digehazin, ku transformers û pergelan zayi bike.

2. Têknolojî û Pêşketinên Transformer û Dastan

2.1 Parzûnbûna Microcomputer

Bi pêşketina têknolojî, parzûnbûna microcomputer (bazkirinê ya microcomputer) bi rêbaza berdî/rengî/sensetiviteyê têne, di cihê û dibeşdarî de verba systemê parzûn bike. Sistemê ya CPU/ROM/flash/RAM we storage û efektiviteya şerê bibarane. Flash/ROM guhertina CPU bikin ta rewşên çimkî bibare, komunikasyon/parzûn/monitoring/measurement integre bike ji bo kontrola otomatîk.

2.2 Komponentên Data Acquisition

Bi kombinasyona converter AVD 14-bit (synchronous type) û filtre multi-channel, komponenta wê tevgera berdî/stabil/low power/fast conversion ji bo transformers têne. Chips ên berdî internal hata hewce ne ku bi kereterên derbarî biguherînin. Sistemê ya CPU 16 preset/10 external output switches (10 GPS power, 5 monitor operation) û regulator 24V têne. Clock ên berdî bisekin bike ra receptiona pulse GPS becer bide.

2.3 Modulan Trip Component

Modulan trip/logic relays di specs 0.5A/1A de multi-relay functions (closing holding/manual trip/trip current/protection) integre bike. Adjustments ên valve parameter ne relay replacement nehevej bin. Logic relays CPU-driven closing intermediates connect bike, bi closed negative power supplies switch-induced transformer damage û cost maintenance reze bike.

4. Serkeftina Komponenta Data Acquisition

Komponenta data acquisition ji converter precision AVD 14-bit û filter circuit multi-way switches têne. Ji wan, converter precision AVD 14-bit tiştên synchronous circuit ve new type têne. Di demekî ku komponenta data acquisition bikar bîne ji bo parzûn transformer, karakteristikên accuracy berdî, stability strong, low power consumption, û fast conversion speed têne.

Di demekî ku measurement sistem ên komponenta data acquisition bikar bîne, nebe ku li ser kereterên auxiliary external bîre bidin. Hata hewce ne ku errorên power operation bi chip ên built-in high measurement precision biguherînin. Li ser hevî, komponenta data acquisition input û output functions unique têne. Sistemê ya CPU komponenta data acquisition 16 preset switches, 10 external output switches, û 24V regulated power supply switch têne. Bi wan 10 external output switches, purpose exclusive ji bo supplying power to GPS in the system têne. Other 5 switches mainly responsible for supervision and control of operation status komponenta data acquisition têne.

Finally, clock circuit exquisite set in the data acquisition component, which makes the clock chip more accurate and delicate, thus ensuring that the protection device of the transformer can fully receive the GPS pulse signal.

5. Xirabkirina Distribûtora Transformer

5.1 O&M Management Zêde Bike

Most distribution transformer failures result from inadequate maintenance and weak management. Thus, enhance equipment O&M: promptly address defects/hazards, follow procedures strictly, and improve failure prevention. Regular inspections/maintenance are vital to ensure safe operation and identify issues timely.

5.2 Protection Configuration Optimize Bike

Lightning arresters install bike to prevent overvoltage - induced internal short circuits, and test insulation resistance regularly to avoid burnout. O&M personnel must carefully select fuse elements and low - voltage overcurrent settings.

5.3 Standardize Relay Protection O&M

Regular inspections/maintenance ensure reliable relay protection operation, which is critical for power system stability. Steps include: understanding equipment initial states, analyzing operational data, and adopting new technologies to maintain scientific O&M.

Secondary cables in strong EM fields make non - electrical protection sensitive to interference, risking false trips. Countermeasures:

5.4 Enhance Secondary Cable Protection

• Protect external connections (e.g., gas relays), seal cable entrances, and add rain shields.

• Use shielded cables; separate AC/DC laying.

• Anti - interference measures: delay settings, 55% - 70% UN operating voltage, and voltage adjustment under symmetric DC insulation.

• Route cables away from high - voltage/control lines; ground shielded cables at both ends.