SST Revolution: Daga Data Centers zuwa Grids

Tsanarwa: A ranar 16 ga Oktoba, 2025, NVIDIA ta fitar da raka mai girma "800 VDC Architecture for Next-Generation AI Infrastructure", wanda ya nuna cewa da yawan gudana da ke faruwar da tashar al'adu a kan kimiyya masu aiki da CPU da GPU, ya zama da suka ci gajerar da kwara daga 10 kW a shekarar 2020 zuwa 150 kW a shekarar 2025, kuma ana shawarwata zuwa 1 MW kafin shekara 2028. Don haka, na tsanani mafi kwara da kuma kadan gajerar da kwara, tushen daɗi da abincin AC suna daidai ba su da lafiya. Saboda haka, an yi amfani da tushen 415V AC zuwa 800V DC distribution architecture, wanda ya haifar da hasken Solid-State Transformers (SST).

Abubuwan da za su iya haifar da muhimmin aiki a fannin data centers: An zama da iya haifar da Solid-State Transformer (SST) don in haifar da AC 10 kV daga grid zuwa DC 800 V, wanda ya haifar da abubuwan da dama, da kaya, da kuma haifar da abubuwan da dama, kamar reactive power compensation da power quality management. HVDC systems zai iya haifar da abubuwan da dama, kamar UPS units.

Daga tushen distribution architecture ta data center, yana nuna cewa in haifar zuwa HVDC (High-Voltage Direct Current) zai iya haifar da abubuwan da dama, kamar:

• Kayan voltaji mai yawa zai iya haifar da koyar da kasa, kuma zai iya haifar da koyar da kasa da kula da kasa ko busbars.

• Haifar da abubuwan da dama a kan tushen distribution, kuma zai iya haifar da abubuwan da dama, kamar UPS units.

• Haifar da abubuwan da dama a kan tushen auxiliary facility space—don data centers da suke da megawatt-scale per-rack, electrical rooms masu karfini zai iya haifar da abubuwan da dama a kan tushen main server rooms.

• Haifar da abubuwan da dama a kan conversion efficiency: SSTs masu karfini suka haifar da abubuwan da dama a kan transformers masu karfini, kuma da koyar da kasa da kula da kasa da kasa a kan tushen system architecture, zai iya haifar da abubuwan da dama a kan energy losses.

Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin wannan bayanan, battery cabinets masu energy storage zai iya haifar da abubuwan da dama a kan DC 800V bus ("battery direct-hanging"), kuma zai iya haifar da abubuwan da dama a kan koyar da kasa da kasa da kasa, kuma zai iya haifar da abubuwan da dama a kan cost of inverters. Kuma, wind and solar power zai iya haifar da abubuwan da dama a kan integration directly via DC/DC converters. Wannan haifar da abubuwan da dama zai iya haifar da abubuwan da dama a kan promoting green data centers.

SSTs Ba Sune Mafi Data Centers: "Dual Carbon" goals (carbon peak by 2030, carbon neutrality by 2060) suna haifar da abubuwan da dama a kan energy efficiency a kan industrial and civilian sectors zuwa abin da dama. A kan general industrial and commercial buildings, SSTs zai iya haifar da abubuwan da dama. Idan output masu biyu shine AC, SSTs zai iya haifar da abubuwan da dama a kan upgrading and replacing traditional transformers. Idan voltage masu biyu shine high-voltage DC, zai iya haifar da abubuwan da dama a kan building-level DC power distribution. Misali, a kan current promotion of "Photovoltaic-Storage-Direct-Flexible" (PSDF) technology, daga transformer zuwa busbar, centralized or distributed AC/DC bidirectional inverters ba su da lafiya ba, kuma zai iya haifar da abubuwan da dama a kan seamless building-wide DC power distribution.

Game da concerns about the maturity of DC-powered end-use equipment, waɗannan devices suna haifar da abubuwan da dama, kamar:

• Electric Vehicles (EVs): EV platforms suna haifar da abubuwan da dama daga 400VDC zuwa 800VDC kuma har zuwa. Waɗannan tushen suna haifar da abubuwan da dama, kamar fast charging, high power density, reduced copper cabling, da kuma efficient rectifiers, high-current portable cables, advanced safety connectors, da kuma fault-tolerant protection schemes. High-voltage DC zai iya haifar da vehicles zuwa abubuwan da dama a kan charging or even selling power back to the grid (V2G) through bidirectional charging stations.

• Photovoltaics (PV): Large-scale solar farms suna haifar da abubuwan da dama a kan 1000–1500VDC, kuma suna haifar da abubuwan da dama, kamar mature DC-side switchgear, fuses, da kuma combiner boxes zuwa DC distribution systems.

• Energy Storage (ES): Commercial and industrial energy storage systems zai iya haifar da abubuwan da dama a kan DC 800V grids.

• HVAC and other power equipment: Major Chinese HVAC manufacturers suna haifar da abubuwan da dama a kan 375V DC-compatible units.

• LED lighting, outlets, and other end devices: Corresponding DC products suna haifar da abubuwan da dama.

• Game da SST transformers, domestic equipment manufacturers suna haifar da abubuwan da dama, kuma suna haifar da abubuwan da dama a kan various scenarios such as data centers and energy-saving retrofits.