Tushen da Masana'antu da Turancin Farkon Tashin Karamin Kirkiya

Mataki mai masu hukumomin karamin shirya suna da matsaloli saboda sauran su. Idan, su ne muhimmanci a tattalin noma, kontrol, da kuma inganci (misali, rikita'ar tattalin noma, kontrol na kyau). Amma, zama'i na abubuwan magana na karamin shirya da wasu masu sauran su duka yadda aka sanya abubuwan magana na farko. Yawancin hanyoyin magana na biyu suna kawo nasara ga mafi amana na mikrokomputa, wanda ya gina al'amuran inganci da wasu abubuwan magana na biyu. Wannan bukatar za su haɗa wasu abubuwan magana na biyu a cikin tattalin noma, zai zama tsari don tattalin noma na rubutu/magana, da kuma saye al'amuran inganci/ingancin tattalin noma.

Masu hukumomin karamin shirya na ilimi suna ba da jin da take fadada tushen magana, amma karamin shirya mai sauƙi don rikita'/tushen magana suna bukatar tasiri mai zurfi, mai amana na DC power—wannan ita ce babban matsala aiki mai karatu. Jagorancin electromagnetic field a gaban karamin shirya mai sauƙi, wanda ake samu via electromagnetic induction, yana da kyau (energy yana “take kafa,” wanda ake gina da kuma amfani da shi don abu da aka rikita', ba ta hanyar AC electromagnetic stimulation). Amma, matsayin aiki suna ba da lafiya don amfani da hanyoyin da suka biye (misali, lasers, microwaves). Littafin yana bincika tasiri mai kafa a kan hukumomin karamin shirya, tare da optical communication da magnetic materials.

1 Air-core Coil

A wannan yanayin, high-voltage ETA ta yi amfani da air-core coils domin samun bayanan. Low-voltage semiconductor lasers, wadanda suke samu tasiri daga optical fibers a karamin shirya mai sauƙi, suke ƙarin bayanan voltage signals. Bayanan electrical info (da aka baka a kan digital signals) ta zama buƙata LEDs, da optical fibers sun tushen bayanan zuwa low-voltage side a kan optical pulses.

Saboda hukumomin karamin shirya na harshe, air-core coils suna da hukumomi mai zurfi: Secondary windings suna daidai a gaban non-metallic magnetic skeletons (uniform cross-section); coils suna da sama shape; har da winding’s horizontal plane yana da wajen dogon perpendicularly with the coil shell’s tangent (amman, measurement errors suna ƙasa). Semi-manual winding yana gaba waɗannan hukumomi a kan yanayi, wanda ke zama ƙarin tasiri a lokacin masana. Gaskiya, air-core coil structural accuracy ta kasance 0.1% (average 2%).

Idan aiki na tsari yana da kyau, IEC standards suna neman clear quantitative requirements for secondary output under rated current—all initial deviations suna zama wajen measurement errors. Solving air-core transformer atomization in production yana da muhimmanci. Transformers da resistance labels sun buƙata special approval (from the Electrical and Mechanical Services Department) for secondary output, wanda ke zama nasara. Saboda haka, an buƙata hukumomin air-core coil optical sensor structures masu zaman. Via PCB tech, researchers suka gina designs masu zamantakewa, wanda suke ƙarin measurement accuracy da amana.

2 Transient Characteristics

A karamin shirya mai sauƙi, system capacity mai yawa yana ba da primary cycle mai tsari, mai tsauri. Relay protection ta faru a lokacin transitions, da long-duration short-circuit currents. Don haka za su iya inganta aiki, transformers suna da wani tsari mai kusa; second output signal ta kawo first interrupt current, da transient defects within set time ba su zama zaɓi. The transient performance of air-core coil-based electronic power transformers yana da muhimmanci mai yawa.

An integrator, wanda ta da limited time constant, yake ƙarin bayanan electrical signals. Idan circuits suna da iodine-periodic components, error characteristics suna da wani muhimmanci ga low-end frequencies. Lower down-frequencies suna ƙarin tracking da kuma zama errors (misali, a system’s opening element weakening in 0.5s requires the power converter’s low-frequency to stay below 2Hz for better damping cycle tracking). Slower transient decay da output signal attenuation suna faru idan air-core current transformers da integrators suka rufe a zero primary current. Incompatibility with zero-position shutdown systems suna ba da measurement errors. Saboda haka, integrator design da optimization suna da muhimmanci ga air-core transformer performance.

3 High-voltage Side Power Supply

Air-core power transformers suna amfani da “energy-taking power supplies” don gina energy daga primary conductor a karamin shirya mai sauƙi. Electronic circuits sun ba da tasiri, amma very low primary currents (misali, ≤5% rated current) ba su iya ƙarin current converters don iya ƙarin normal excitation ko kuma tushen energy, wanda ke zama power dead zone. Designing fiber-optic power for low-side semiconductor lasers’ high-voltage modulation circuits suna da ƙarin tasiri (≈60mW).

Balancing energy use da performance yana da muhimmanci: da 30% photoelectric conversion efficiency, semiconductor lasers sun buƙata at least 180mW output—wanda ke ƙarin irin ran, da kuma zama costs. Hybrid energy carriers suna halarta: KT sun ba da tasiri don high primary currents; laser-based supplies sun ƙarin irin ran don low currents. Reliance on lasers yana da wani bahausi domin failure idan su stop, kuma haka an buƙata two optical modulators da smart control strategies (don predict mode switching da kuma handle short-circuits), wanda ke zama costs, amma sun ƙarin amana.

4 Reliability Design

Electronic dampers suna da ƙarin performance daga traditional ones, amma suna da wani buƙata don amfani da hanyoyin mai yawa (misali, tech transfer, high-voltage expertise), wanda ke ƙarin replacements. Redundancy suna ƙarin amana: protection channels suna amfani da dual-redundant air-core coils da converters. Key tools (misali, power module converters) sun buƙata simple automation. Protective measures suna halarta short-circuit impacts on sampling cycles da high-performance lasers in ATM protection channels. High-performance lasers suna ba da operator risks, amma suke rufe da power modules don karkashin hazards.