What is an IGBT?

Encyclopedia
07/19/2024


What is an IGBT?


IGBT Definition


An Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) is defined as a semiconductor device that combines the advantages of Power MOSFETs and Power BJTs.


 

Structure


The IGBT structure includes an additional p+ injection layer, which enhances its performance compared to PMOSFETs.



 

Switching Characteristics of IGBT


IGBT switching involves distinct turn-on and turn-off times, with specific delay and rise/fall times affecting performance.



IGBT开关特性.jpeg

 


Latching Up


Latching up occurs when the IGBT stays on even after the gate voltage is reduced, requiring special commutation circuits to turn it off.

 

Advantages


  • Lower gate drive requirements

  • Low switching losses

  • Small snubber circuitry requirements

  • High input impedance

  • Voltage controlled device

  • Temperature coefficient of ON state resistance is positive and less than PMOSFET, hence less On-state voltage drop and power loss.

  • Enhanced conduction due to bipolar nature

  • Better Safe Operating Area


 

Disadvantages


  • Cost

  • Latching-up problem

  • High turn off time compared to PMOSFET


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