How to Maintain a PV Plant? State Grid Answers 8 Common O&M Questions（1）

1. What are the common faults of distributed photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems? What typical problems may occur in various components of the system?

Common faults include inverters failing to operate or start due to voltage not reaching the startup set value, and low power generation caused by issues with PV modules or inverters. Typical problems that may occur in system components are burnout of junction boxes and local burnout of PV modules.

2. How to handle common faults of distributed photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems?

If a problem occurs in the system during the warranty period, you can first contact the installer or operator by phone to explain the system issue. The maintenance personnel of the installer or operator will provide solutions based on your description. If the fault cannot be resolved remotely, they will send professionals to the site for maintenance and repair.

3. Does a photovoltaic (PV) power generation system pose noise hazards?

A PV power generation system converts solar energy into electrical energy and does not produce noise pollution. The noise level of the inverter is no higher than 65 decibels, so it does not pose a noise hazard.

4. Does a photovoltaic (PV) power generation system pose electromagnetic radiation hazards to users?

A PV power generation system converts solar energy into electrical energy based on the principle of the photovoltaic effect. It is pollution-free and radiation-free. Electronic components such as inverters and power distribution cabinets have all passed EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) testing, so they do not cause harm to the human body.

5. How to handle the temperature rise and ventilation issues of solar cells?

The output power of PV cells decreases as the temperature rises. Ventilation and heat dissipation can improve power generation efficiency, and the most commonly used method is natural wind ventilation.

6. Can distributed photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems resist hail damage?

Qualified modules in grid-connected PV systems must pass strict tests, including withstanding a maximum positive static load (wind load, snow load) of 5400 Pa, a maximum negative static load of 2400 Pa, and impact by hailstones with a diameter of 25 mm at a speed of 23 m/s. Therefore, hail will not cause damage to the PV power generation system.

7. Is it necessary to clean the photovoltaic (PV) power generation system after snowfall?

How to handle PV modules when snow melts and freezes on them in winter? Can you step on the modules to clean them? If thick snow accumulates on the modules after snowfall, cleaning is necessary. You can use soft objects to push the snow off, taking care not to scratch the glass. Although PV modules have a certain load-bearing capacity, you must not step on them during cleaning, as this will cause hidden damage to the modules and affect their service life. Generally, it is recommended not to wait until the snow accumulates too thick before cleaning, to avoid excessive icing on the modules.

8. Is it necessary to disconnect the photovoltaic (PV) power generation system during thunderstorm and lightning weather?

Distributed PV power generation systems are all equipped with lightning protection devices, so disconnection is not required. For safety purposes, it is recommended to disconnect the circuit breaker switch of the combiner box to cut off the electrical connection with the PV modules, thereby avoiding hazards caused by direct lightning strikes that cannot be eliminated by the lightning protection module. Operation and maintenance personnel should promptly test the performance of the lightning protection module to prevent hazards caused by the failure of the lightning protection module.